This thesis deals with the issues of participation and influence in the multicultural society. The aim with the study is twofold, first to identify determinants improving participation and influence in this context, and second to see if the ecouragement of a strong civil society in ethnic segregated areas is a possible way forward to a multicultural democracy. This is conducted through a case study of brobyggarna in Malmo, Sweden, and how they as an integration policy is working with these questions. Six qualitative interviews have been conducted with seven persons workning as brobyggare or in close connection with them. Toghether with readings of earlier research this material is analysed through an eclectic model with theories put together in five analythic dimensions, Multicultural democracy, Social milieu, Unequal possibillities to participate and influence and Local powerstructures.

The purpose of this study is to discuss the use of social media by the Swedish Police for democratic purposes. The idea of citizen empowerment is closely related to the development of new communication technologies such as social media. Yet many studies indicate that governmental institutions rarely make use of the assumed potentials of social media.In this study, the democratic potential of social media is derived from Habermas normative concept of deliberative participation. Operational definitions emphasize discursive equality, interactive reciprocity and external impact. The analytical framework is combined with qualitative text analysis to highlight the conditions of interaction between representatives of the Police and citizens.In conclusion: the democratic potential of social media, from a Habermasian point of view, is to a significant extent neglected at the expense of its strategic advantages.

The aim of this essay is to analyze the political interests of the United States Government in Turkey, from 1997 to spring 2007, using a qualitative method. I will also analyze any strategic changes during this period, by using theories of realism, particularly Structure Realism and Rational Choice. Using the Rational Actor Model (RAM), I will analyze how nation states such as the United States act in the political arena in Turkey. How can the US Government legitimize the support to Turkey and at the same time criticize there democratic deficit and their view on human rights. Turkey has been an American Military Ally, via NATO since 1952 and its demographic situation has changed since the Cold War.

The purpose of this essay was to analyze the collapse of democracy in the Weimar Republic. This was done by analyzing some of the most turbulent crises in its history like the communists attempt to take power in 1919, the kapp-putsch of 1920, hyperinflation 1923 and the economic depression 1929-1933. The method that I used in this essay is called methodological individualism. It was an analytical framework which helped to understand the citizens view on democracy and legitimacy. The theoretical framework was based on Juan J.Linz and Seymour Martin Lipsets ideas on legitimacy and efficacy.

This thesis examines the effects of the Swedish school reforms that took place in the early 1990?s. Theories such as Principal-Agent, Stewardship and Lipsky?s street-level bureaucracy are discussed as well as New Public Management (NPM). These reforms were heavily influenced by NPM, causing an increased level of street-level bureaucracy, and according to Principal-Agent theory some outcomes could have been predicted.

This thesis aims at analysing conflicts between different ideals of democracy, using the example of a newly implemented citizen´s initiative reform. This reform gives citizens the right to make policy proposals to Swedish municipal councils. The proposals are to be handled in the same way as proposals from the municipal council members. An ideology analysis of various government documents as well as of an official state study (SOU) is carried out to identify and discuss the ideals of democracy that underpin the reform. The analysis is based on participatory democracy and electoral democracy theory and Arnstein's Eight Rungs on the Ladder of Citizen Participation is used to discuss different types of participation by the citizens.

The aim of this master thesis was to examine the European Commission's information resources from a user perspective in order to clarify the needs and circumstances of the search of EU-information among students at Örebro University. 41 students participated in a survey, and four of them was interviewed. On the basis of Pendelton- and Chatmans theories of information behaviour in small worlds, it were assumed that the students' education and citizenship in the European Union affected their needs and the search of EU information.The study showed that the students needs for EU-related information has increased, with the current education, but also been linked to earlier educations. The students Citizens need were mainly associated with elections such as the EMU-election, but also in some cases to a need of the general knowledge.A review of the European Commission's information resources were made with an emphasis on European Documentation Centre, EDC. The survey showed that most students used the EDC and the EU-databases that was made available by the European Commission through the EDC and the university library but were not aware that they used EDC.The survey also showed that students made use of familiar sources and resources when they searched the EU-information, such as the library's regular database list, the library catalogue and search engine on the internet are not requested of other resources.

The Swedish regions are new phenomena, from the start from the new regionalism which started in the 1980´s. The purpose of the thesis is to analyze Region Skåne and Västra Götalandsregionen to come to a conclusion which model of region they are and want to be by using theories of regional identity and identity of politics and see similarities and differences. My research question is: Which of cultural, administrative and functional region are Region Skåne and Västra Götaland striving to construct?   The methods I have used are qualitative text- and content analysis to analyze the regions, by using theories about regional identity and identity of politics. Furthermore, I am using some statistic from SOM-institutet to analyze the regional identity in the regions.   The result show that Region Skåne is constructing a cultural region, because of their strong regional identity and that the politicians are using identity of politics to combine the citizens.

The structure of the Swedish public library field has been evolving during the last decades. The traditional mission of educating the citizens to become responsible, democratic and knowledgeable members of society has in a way led to the integration between public and school libraries. Lately new co-operational models have been under debate and a sense of resistance has arisen because of the economical and market influences. In parallel with closure of library branches new libraries have evolved in malls and wash houses and some with self-service with no use of librarians. This work shows how co-operation in rural areas finds the common goals for the people living there who are concerned about keeping the service needed including the public library and thus using existing means and crossing borders of commercial thinking.

Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka och jämföra hur de engelska fotbollsklubbarnas årsredovisningar ser ut. Vi har dessutom valt att undersöka om klubbarna följer de gällande regler som finns samt om deras årsredovisningar ger en rättvisande bild över klubbens ekonomiska ställning. Denna undersökning inriktar sig främst på de immateriella tillgångarna som är upptagna i årsredovisningen.Metoden vi använde oss av för att få svar på våra frågeställningar var genom att vi i vår teoretiska ansats hade ett deduktivt synsätt medan vår undersökningsansats byggde på en kvalitativ studie. Datainsamlingen har främst utgjorts av klubbarnas årsredovisningar samt gällande regelverk kring redovisningen.I vårt teoriavsnitt behandlade vi bland annat hur den ökade globaliseringen av handeln påverkat redovisningens utveckling och skapat ett behov av en global harmonisering av redovisningen. En del av dagens fotbollsklubbar är inte längre ideella sportföreningar utan börsnoterade bolag vilket har lett till ökade krav på klubbarnas redovisning.

The purpose of this report is to make an evaluation of the self-monitoring for scarification which Stora Enso is using and this study deals with the effects and importance of scarification. A comparison is made in this study with the purpose to highlight any differences between some of the leading forestry companies and significant forest organizations in Sweden. The companies represented in this report are Korsnäs, Mellanskog, SCA, Sveaskog and Södra. In the beginning of this study an interview form was set up together with Daniel Forsberg at Stora Enso. Stora Enso is the head object of this report and seven interviews were made within that company. At the other companies only three interviews were made within each one, with an exception to Mellanskog who wished four.

Titel: Är all publicitet bra publicitet? Kontroversiell kommunikation och reklamkampanjen UnhateNivå: Kandidatuppsats, C-nivåOmråde: Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapFörfattare: Marlene Jakobsson, V13MKandHandledare: Jonas Jonsson, Universitetsadjunkt, Institutionen för mediestudier ? JMKDatum: Uppsatsen avser utfört uppsatsarbete mellan 2013-01-30 och 2013-05-21.Syfte: Mitt syfte med denna uppsats är att lyfta fram hur konsumenter samt varumärkesexperter upplever United Colors of Benettons reklamkampanj från 2011, Unhate. Frågeställningar: Till denna kandidatuppsats ämnar jag utgå ifrån ett antal frågeställningar, härstammande ur en övergripande frågeställning; Hur kontroversiella PR- och reklamaktiviteter påverkar relationen mellan United Colors of Benetton och konsumenterna?Eget antagande: Mitt eget antagande är att United Colors of Benetton utgår ifrån ett politiskt och kontroversiellt ställningstagande i och med organisationens skapande och användning utav kontroversiella reklamkampanjer. Metod: Jag har genomfört två st semistrukturerade intervjuer med organisationens konsumenter, tre st semistrukturerade intervjuer med varumärkesexperter inom PR- och reklambranschen, samt en fokusgrupp med 5 st deltagande konsumenter. Resultat: I detta avsnitt presenterar jag mina resultat utifrån mina intervjuer. De resultat som jag kan lyfta fram utifrån min studie är att mina konsumenter upplever reklamkampanjen, i det stora hela, som ett arbete för mänskliga rättigheter, medan mina varumärkesexperter upplever reklamkampanjen som ett effektsökeri och att varumärket faller i skymundan.Diskussion: I detta avsnitt diskuterar jag huruvida Benetton som varumärke är i behov utav eventuella åtgärder för positiva associationer jämte konsumenterna, distinktionerna mellan hur konsumenterna och varumärkesexperterna upplevt reklambilderna, geografisk betydelse, samt varumärkets betydelse i reklamkampanjen. Jag styrker även min diskussion med hjälp utav tidigare forskning och utvalt teoretiskt material.Avslutande reflektioner: I detta avsnitt reflekterar jag över mitt sammanställda material samt lyfter fram min egen slutsats.Uppsatsens bidrag: Det viktigaste bidraget som jag vill lyfta fram ur min uppsats är en vidare inblick avseende hur normmässigt prövande ställningstaganden inom PR & reklam kan komma att påverka oss som konsumenter, och hur relationer mellan en organisation och dess konsumenter kan formas baserat på naturen hos organisationens PR- & reklamaktiviteter.   Nyckelord: Kontroversiellt, provokation, reklam, PR, offensive marketing, marketing, United Colors of Benetton, strategi samt varumärken..

Social control in different forms has existed in all known societies. This control has taken different shapes and expressions. In older smaller communities there was a collective control among the citizens. In modern societies the state is trying to control the lives of the citizens. These control mechanisms can be seen as both freedom-reducing and freedom inducing depending on which concept of freedom one upholds.

?Liberal Democracy? is a common term in political theory, and it is used as if it had a commonly accepted referent, with both normative and descriptive content. This is certainly the case in democratic theory, where it on the one hand seems to refer to a normative democratic model; on the other hand it is used descriptively, to refer to real-life democracies. The deliberative democratic sub-field is not an exception; on the contrary, the term is frequently used albeit rarely defined; yet the concept it refers to is supposedly developed enough to allow detailed propositions about its citizens?s political behaviour.This essay is an attempt to analyze how Liberal Democracy is used by three deliberative democrats (Jürgen Habermas, John Dryzek and Stephen Elstub), in order to understand the democratic model (or models), whether normative or descriptive, they refer to.

This is a discourse analysis concerning the visions for Malmö's future. Three concepts are studied to see which meaning these are given in the Malmö context. The studied concepts are ? development (utveckling), industry (näringsliv) and citizen (befolkning).The meanings of these concepts are studied against a backdrop of theories of inclusion/exclusion in general and inclusion/exclusion in the city more specific. Michael Foucault´s notion of a discourse which stigmatizes those not following a behaviour which is defined as being right and normal is central to this.