This thesis describes possibilities for Metso Paper to lower their costs of spray pipes for their pulp wash press TRPE, with maintained good functionality and quality.Information that can be used by competitors has been censored in this version of the essay.To find solutions, alternative suppliers have been contacted and asked to quote. There has also been a new spray pipe designed. The manufacturing costs of the new design have been calculated.The thesis also contains a concept generation of an alternative product to the spray pipes in installations where a high pressure washer is used.To be able to ask other manufacturers of spray pipes to quote, a demand specification based on the currently used spray pipe was made. This was then sent to two alternative suppliers.An investigation of earlier used spray pipes, and the currently used, shows that the nozzles are a big part of the total costs of the spray pipes. To attempt to reduce the nozzles high cost an concept generation was made to find the best solution for a new design.There was a request that it should be possible to change the internal brushes in the spray pipe without cutting and welding.

This thesis describes possibilities for Metso Paper to lower their costs of spray pipes for their pulp wash press TRPE, with maintained good functionality and quality.Information that can be used by competitors has been censored in this version of the essay.To find solutions, alternative suppliers have been contacted and asked to quote. There has also been a new spray pipe designed. The manufacturing costs of the new design have been calculated.The thesis also contains a concept generation of an alternative product to the spray pipes in installations where a high pressure washer is used.To be able to ask other manufacturers of spray pipes to quote, a demand specification based on the currently used spray pipe was made. This was then sent to two alternative suppliers.An investigation of earlier used spray pipes, and the currently used, shows that the nozzles are a big part of the total costs of the spray pipes. To attempt to reduce the nozzles high cost an concept generation was made to find the best solution for a new design.There was a request that it should be possible to change the internal brushes in the spray pipe without cutting and welding.

This thesis describes possibilities for Metso Paper to lower their costs of spray pipes for their pulp wash press TRPE, with maintained good functionality and quality.Information that can be used by competitors has been censored in this version of the essay.To find solutions, alternative suppliers have been contacted and asked to quote. There has also been a new spray pipe designed. The manufacturing costs of the new design have been calculated.The thesis also contains a concept generation of an alternative product to the spray pipes in installations where a high pressure washer is used.To be able to ask other manufacturers of spray pipes to quote, a demand specification based on the currently used spray pipe was made. This was then sent to two alternative suppliers.An investigation of earlier used spray pipes, and the currently used, shows that the nozzles are a big part of the total costs of the spray pipes. To attempt to reduce the nozzles high cost an concept generation was made to find the best solution for a new design.There was a request that it should be possible to change the internal brushes in the spray pipe without cutting and welding.

This thesis describes possibilities for Metso Paper to lower their costs of spray pipes for their pulp wash press TRPE, with maintained good functionality and quality.Information that can be used by competitors has been censored in this version of the essay.To find solutions, alternative suppliers have been contacted and asked to quote. There has also been a new spray pipe designed. The manufacturing costs of the new design have been calculated.The thesis also contains a concept generation of an alternative product to the spray pipes in installations where a high pressure washer is used.To be able to ask other manufacturers of spray pipes to quote, a demand specification based on the currently used spray pipe was made. This was then sent to two alternative suppliers.An investigation of earlier used spray pipes, and the currently used, shows that the nozzles are a big part of the total costs of the spray pipes. To attempt to reduce the nozzles high cost an concept generation was made to find the best solution for a new design.There was a request that it should be possible to change the internal brushes in the spray pipe without cutting and welding.

In 1998, 'the Naval Port of Karlskrona' was inscribed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO and thus, it is equally protected as China?s Great Wall and the Pyramids of Egypt.The essay is a case study of Karlskrona, one of Sweden's most well planned cities, where famous urban planners and architects such as Erik Dahlberg and Nicodemus Tessin the Elder has been involved.Today, Karlskrona is a rather unknown small town in Sweden's outskirts, where population growth has been a problem. When Karlskrona was founded, in the late 17th century, Sweden was a major power. The Blekinge archipelago was in the middle of the Baltic dominion and Karlskrona represented a midpoint in the kingdom. Therefore, Karlskrona has a small town charm with the history and style of a cosmopolitan city.By initially studying how the town?s character of today is expressed, the history of Karlskrona is explored.

Uganda has the largest pig population in east Africa, and most of the animals are owned by smallholders. Infectious diseases among pigs have a devastating impact on the livelihood of these farmers, which are dependent on the proceeds from pig rearing. In a metagenomics study of the wild pig species bushpig (Potamochoerus larvatus), the porcine viruses Torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) 1and 2 and Porcine parvovirus 4 (PPV4) were detected. TTSuV1 and 2 are ubiquitous in the world?s swine population, and PPV4 has been found in USA and China, but neither of them has been studied in Africa previously.

Sexualitet och reproduktion utgör två centrala delar i människors liv och är integrerade i vår personlighet. Det är därför viktigt att från tidig ålder skapa en god grund för sexuell hälsa och välbefinnande. Att se ungdomar som handlingskraftiga aktörer och göra dessa delaktiga i diskussioner i en öppen dialog bidrar till ökade möjligheter för skapande och vidmakthållande av en hälsosam livsstil. Skolan utgör därför en viktig arena för hälsofrämjande och preventivt arbete då de flesta ungdomar kan nås där. I Kina infördes en obligatorisk nioårig skolgång för Kinas samtliga ungdomar år 1986 och år 2002 infördes även obligatorisk skolbaserad sexualundervisning. Studien syftade till att undersöka hur kinesiska universitetsstudenters upplever sexualundervisning för ungdomar (10-19 år) i Kina samt behov av förändringar och pågående utvecklingstendenser.

Samordning av de multinationella företagens verksamheter anses vara en allt viktigare källa till konkurrensfördelar. För att en sådan samordning ska möjliggöras ställs det krav på en effektiv kommunikation inom organisationen. Detta försvåras av att de multinationella företagen består av dotterbolag som är verksamma i många olika länder och miljöer.Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur ABB och Ericsson har agerat för att skapa en effektiv kommunikation mellan sitt svenska moderbolag och sina kinesiska dotterbolag. I fallet med ABB är studien avgränsad till att endast undersöka kommunikationen mellan ABB Power Systems och det kinesiska dotterbolaget ABB Chongqing Transformer Co. Ltd.

Mankind faces a serious threat. Its activities, for example the burning of fossil fuels, have led to an enhancement of the greenhouse effect - something that has given rise to a global warming. The climate is becoming warmer, a change that has important effects on the nature as well as for humans and their society. Sea level rising, extreme temperatures are becoming more common, glaciers and other ice caps melt and storms becomes more intense when they appear. The main cause is the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere - carbon dioxide in particular.

Denna fallstudie har sin grund i socialt ansvarstagande och behandlar komplexiteten kring hur små- och medelstora företag arbetar inom området i Kina där socialt ansvarstagande ses som ett hinder, men också har kommit att uppmärksammas i allt större grad på senare tid. Mindre företag har en kritisk betydelse för att socialt ansvarstagande skall fungera i sin helhet, men det är ingen självklarhet hur dessa företag skall arbeta med socialt ansvarstagande på grund av avsaknad av forskning på området. Studien syftar därför till att beskriva och analysera hur svenska små- och medelstora företag påverkar sina kinesiska intressenter inom socialt ansvarstagande. För att uppnå studiens syfte har intervjuer genomförts med tre personer från olika företag med ansvar för företagens sociala ansvar i Kina.Studien visar att kineser har en mycket låg medvetenhet kring socialt ansvarstagande och större fokus ges istället till finansiella mål. Socialt ansvarstagande ses som ett hinder för ekonomisk tillväxt av kineser i allmänhet och för att kunna påverka kinesiska intressenter behöver företagen därför påvisa en ekonomisk nytta med det.

Hemp has been used for textiles for a long time in history until it became illegal to grow in many countries in the 1930s. It is interesting from an environmental point of view because it doesn?t need any pesticides and in most locations it doesn?t need any irrigation either, compared to cotton, which normally requires big amounts of both pesticides and water for irrigation. Hemp is a bast fiber, which means that the fibers are located on the bast of the stem (on the outer layer of the stem). Therefore they cannot be spun directly, they have to be removed from the stem first.

SummaryHerbal remedies have been used for many years to alleviate various symptoms. They were used in ritual acts to reassure the Gods and as medication. Plants as rhubarb and ginseng were used in China long time ago. The Egyptians had knowledge of herbal medicine such as aloe, myrrh and henbane, 1550 BC. The father of medicine Hippocrates used a large number of herbal medicines, and had many theories on the subject.Different parts of the plant can be used to extract the active ingredients.

AbstractOur bachelor degree thesis was carried out in collaboration with Ivar Petterssons Järnmanufaktur AB in Smålandsstenar. We were asked to replace their wedge housing, used to fasten the wires to the power lines, with a similar structure in a plastic material. The idea for this project started with Ivar Petterssons Järnmanufaktur AB having problems with the casting quality that forced them to perform expensive tests on each of the wedge houses to ensure the quality. They are currently produced in China which is also a major drawback because it requires expensive long delivery times.The method we used is Fredy Olsson's Princip- and Primärkonstuktion (1995). We have consistently been in the project on so-called "broad front", which means that you create several sketches, ideas and changes in parallel, and then evaluates all.

Studien söker utreda hur anställda inom en västerländsk organisation som arbetar med forskning och utveckling i Kina kan nå sin fulla potential och göra vad som är bäst för organisationen. Detta innebär att vi måste förstå vad som hindrar de anställda från att göra vad som är bäst för organisationen samt hur de anställda bäst bör styras eller uppmuntras.Med ett kvalitativt synsätt har en fallstudie genomförts hos ett västerländskt företag som etablerat sig i Kina för att sänka sina utvecklingskostnader samt komma närmare den växande marknaden. Management control systems används som ramverk för att utforska hur de anställda påverkas av de olika sätt som de styrs i sitt arbete.Användandet av personnel controls lämpar sig väl för västerländska organisationer som arbetar med FoU i kina. Det är av yttersta vikt att anställa rätt person till rätt arbetsuppgift. För att detta ska vara möjligt är det inte tillräckligt att endast erbjuda en god miljö.

The lifecycle of fashion products get shorter and shorter. Companies in the fashion business needto make sure that they can offer their customers the right products, in the right quantity at theexact right time. The competition on the fashion market today is tough and if companies aregoing to be successful they need to have access to the most reliable suppliers, and also offer theircustomers products with high quality to attractive prices. It is therefore of highest importance toevaluate and choose the right sourcing strategy. Product category and type of organisation aresome of the factors that will determine which strategy that is most appropriate.