Bakgrund: Enligt Socialstyrelsen (2009) insjuknar cirka 300 barn i cancer varje år i Sverige, och 20 procent av alla dödsfall hos barn orsakas av cancer. Barn som blir sjuka i cancer kan komma att kräva palliativa omvårdnadsåtgärder, då kurativ behandling inte kan ges. Målet med den pediatriska palliativa vården är att uppnå mesta möjliga livskvalitet hos barn såväl som hos deras föräldrar. Syftet var att belysa psykosociala behov hos barn med cancer och hos deras föräldrar under den palliativa fasen på sjukhuset. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie gjordes utifrån åtta vetenskapliga artiklar som granskades med hjälp av två bedömningsprotokoll och analyserades enligt ett kvalitativt förfarande.

Aim: The aim of present study was to determine the frequency of taste and smell disorders occuring in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer. Methods: The study was of an empirical cross sectional quantitative descriptive design. During one month, consecutive cancer patients at outpatient units in two Swedish hospitals were asked to participate in the study by completing a questionnaire that had been developed previously for a similar study. All participants had undergone at least 1 cycle of intravenous chemotherapy or  a minimum of seven days of oral chemotherapy. Results: A total of 102 patients completed the questionnaire.

After repeated criticism of the social services about how they manage family care, the National Board of Health and Welfare decided to solve the problem by importing a model used in England (Integrated children's system). This was translated into Swedish conditions and named BBIC (Barns behov i centrum = Child?s needs at the center). Our study aims to investigate whether BBIC will contribute to more and more extensive follow-ups of children placed than before, with a focus on the child's best. This has been studied through qualitative interviews with six social workers who work with children investigations.

I Sverige insjuknar årligen ungefär 300 barn och ungdomar i någon cancersjukdom. Cancer hos barn ansågs tidigare som någonting obotligt. De senaste årtiondenas medicinska framsteg har dock radikalt förändrat perspektivet på barncancer. I dag vet vi att två av tre barn blir botade. Förutom medicinskt - tekniskt kunnande är det också nödvändigt med ett riktigt omhändertagande och en god omvårdnad av patienten och familjen.

Beröring är ett universellt sätt att kommunicera på och ettnaturligt och medfött beteende. Beröring inom omvårdnadinnehåller fysiska, emotionella, sociala och spirituelladimensioner, vilket kan ses som ett holistiskt synsätt. Syftetmed studien var att belysa patienters upplevelser av beröringinom canceromvårdnad och palliativ omvårdnad. Studiengenomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 11 artiklaranalyserades. Resultatet visade att beröring huvudsakligenledde till ökat välbefinnande och förbättrad livskvalitet.Patienter upplevde att de kände sig bekräftade som en helmänniska och inte enbart som en sjuk kroppsdel.

The purpose of this law-sociological study was to, on the basis of the District Court's decree to single custody, analyze the District Court?s comprehensive ideas and fall-oriented interpretations of the concept of the best interest of the child and the way they are constructed in connection with the District Court's application of the new law regulation of 6kap. 5§ FB regarding collaboration between parents. Our empirical data consisted of ten decrees to single custody. The decrees were examined and analyzed on the basis of social constructionism as a theory and the idea-analysis as the study's method.

The aim of the study was to investigate social workers and managers experiences of ending child welfare investigations within the statutory period of four months. We also investigated their experience of investigation time is used in practice. To get answers for our purpose, we conducted a qualitative study. We strategic selected three social workers and four managers to our interviews.The results showed that both social workers and managers have experience with child welfare investigations that are not completed within the statutory time. A township that departed had no experience.

I vården möter sjuksköterskorpalliativa patientermed cancer i stor utsträckning. Cancer är en utav världens vanligaste sjukdomar vilkenmedför stort lidande och dödlighet. Syftet med studien var att beskrivahur palliativ omvårdnad kan främja välbefinnandethospatienter med cancer.Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie där 11 artiklar valdes ut och granskades. I resultatet framkom fem teman; Vikten av kunskap inom palliativ omvårdnad, Omvårdnadsåtgärder för ökat fysiskt välbefinnande, Omvårdnadsåtgärder för ökat psykiskt välbefinnande, Vårdrelationen mellan patient och sjuksköterska samtVikten av sociala relationer för ökat välbefinnande.I studien av dessa teman framkom viktiga faktorer som syftar till att främja patientens fysiska, psykiska, existentiella, spirituella och sociala välbefinnande. Dessa faktorer är: symtomlindring, goda relationer mellan sjuksköterskor-patienter, sjuksköterskor-närstående samt patienter-närstående, hantering av existentiella och spirituella problem, sjuksköterskors kunskap om cancer och palliativ omvårdnad, sjuksköterskorsstöd till patienteroch närstående samt att sjuksköterskor har ett holistiskt förhållningssätt..

The purpose of this study is to find out how some Swedish preschool teacher discussing how children's Swedish colloquial interaction can be enhanced in the free play. In this case where children are aged three to five.My research questions in the study are:-          What type of free play do preschool teachers talk about in relation to children's Swedish colloquial development?-          What do preschool teachers say about child's colloquial interaction?-           How do preschool teachers reason regarding in what environment children?s colloquial interaction occurs?In my study I have used an interview with elements of a visual method called The Diamond. The approach is that the participants in the interview will be enhanced to discussing about a wise certain number of images. These images are then to be ranked accordingly with a specific theme and terms.If a child has difficult to speak, you can take help of  the interest the child has, the child can tell you and the other children what he or she know about the interest.

The aim of this study is to understand the collaboration at a child investigation and the actions that may be encountered as a result of the investigation, based on the Social Secretaries experiences of collaboration with other agencies such as schools, police, health visitor and child psychiatry. In the study, eight social workers from different municipalities was interviewed at a total of six occasions. One of the occasions was a group interview with three social workers at the same time. Through the interviews, it appears that the collaboration has an important role in social work and the necessity is something that manifests itself in the social secretaries stories but also in the earlier research done in this area. The results show that social workers extensively want to interact but that the purpose of interaction varies depending on the nature of the matter.

This essay is regarding the problematic facts about child poverty in Sweden. Since the beginning of the new millennium child poverty has increased, in Sweden. The last report which came out in the spring this year (2012) opened up for a lively political debate as well as big headlines in news papers and other media. The attention it got in Society became hard for the politicians to avoid. The Swedish section of Save the Children, demanded in their report concerning child poverty in Sweden that the Swedish Government need to do an inquiry about the increasing child poverty.  Today in Sweden, there are two big parties, and they have been the biggest for a long time now.

This MA thesis analyzes how the protagonists and the narrative structure relates to ?the Child? as a linguistic/cultural construction in Mare Kandre?s early authorship (1984-1991). A thematic of children portraits defines this period of Kandre?s writing, which consits of the following works: In a Different Country (1984), The Annunciation (1986), Bübin?s Kid (1987), The Burning Tree (1988) and Aliide, Aliide (1991).Linguistic components, such as the word ?child?, the name ?Kid? and a reconstruction of the concept of childhood, holds an actuate position in these narratives when they first appear in direct relation to the protagonists. This suggests how generally accepted categories and concepts consciously are at work in Kandre?s writings.

Datortomografi (DT)-undersökningar tenderar att öka i antal. En nackdel med denna undersökningstyp är att den effektiva dosen generellt är högre jämfört med motsvarande konventionell röntgenundersökning. En högre stråldos anses medföra en högre risk för patienten att drabbas av tumörsjukdomar senare i livet. Barn anses i sig vara mer strålningskänsliga än vuxna och de har även en förväntad lång livslängd, under vilken tumöruppkomsten kan ske. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om DT-undersökningar bidrar till strålningsinducerad cancer hos barn.

The study aims to get knowledge about how therapists express their apprehension and their method of working around children with low self-esteem. From this angel I have tree questionings : How does the therapists define self-esteem? How does the therapists know if a child has a low self-esteem? How does the therapists work with this complex of problems? The study is a qualitative survey with interviews. The group of survey consists of four therapists from different backgrounds, who work with children and their self-esteem. The interviews were recorded on tape and written out running text and analysed in relation to its subject.

The enquiry of this work is to look at introduction to preschool in the 1970s and today. The work examines what four books, two from each time period says about introduction, and the guardian's role in their child's introduction. The study is based on three research questions:What view of introduction in preschool in the 70s does the texts show?What is the view in the texts from "today" about introduction in preschool?What view do these texts have about the guardian's role in the introduction?To find out what the texts say about these questions, the method of this work is text analysis. The attachment theory designed by John Bowlby, works as a theoretical framework for this work.The result shows that the texts from both the 70s and from today advocate a cautious introduction, where guardians are involved.