Knowledge regarding pain and pain treatment is an essential part within nursing that a nurse is responsible for. Earlier studies have shown that lack of that kind of knowledge often results in inadequate treatment for pain. The purpose with the study was to describe nurses? knowledge regarding pain and pain treatment at a medical unit in a hospital in central Sweden, and to see if there was a distinction in knowledge related to professional experience. Data was collected through a questionnaire with questions referring to pain (6 questions) and pain treatment (6 questions).

Aim: To find out what nurses at a hospital in central Sweden are experiencing as good care and what they believe is needed to achieve good care. To examine what barriers exist and how the work environment plays into good nursing care. Method: Descriptive and exploratory qualitative design with semi-structured interviews as the data collection method. Seven nurses, all women between the ages of 25 and 52 were interviewed at a hospital in central Sweden. An interview analysis model was used to analyze the results.

The aim of this paper is to see how the local authorities in Norrköping create a way to look at homelessness. This aim is examined with the help of the central questions: How does the municipality describe homelessness as a phenomenon? What causes to homelessness can be seen in the texts? How do they describe homeless people? And What kind of actions are used or proposed? The analysis has been done with the tools and thoughts of the critical discourse analysis and made on text documents written by politics and employees of the city of Norrköping. The theories which have been used are those of postmodernism, welfare, homelessness, civil society and relative poverty. The analysis shows that the way the municipality of Norrköping looks at homelessness correspond with the way homelessness is presented in current Swedish research.

SAMMANFATTNINGBakgrundPerifer venkateter (PVK) är en medicinsk produkt bestående av en tunn kateter som, med hjälp av en ledarkanyl, förs in i en perifer ven för att kunna tillföra patienten läkemedel, näring, vätska och blodprodukter. Inläggande av PVK är ett vanligt förekommande ingrepp inom sjukvården. För att undvika komplikationer relaterade till PVK finns i Sverige nationella riktlinjer. Det finns även internationella riktlinjer gällande vårdhygien i allmänhet. Det ligger i sjuksköterskans uppgift att hantera PVK i enlighet med dessa riktlinjer.

The web has evolved much through the years. From being a place where author and reader were clearly distinguished, it now invites everyone to take part in the development of both content and technology. Social services are central in what is called Web 2.0. Wikis, blogs and folksonomies are all examples of how the users and their communities are key to the development of services. Collaborative writing, tags and API:s are central.

Vi har i denna heuristiska fallstudie utgått från hypotesen att företag under vissa omständigheter har stora möjligheter att påverka stater genom en central beslutsfattare. Vi har utifrån denna hypotes valt att analysera beslutsprocessen i USA som föranledde Irakkriget. Vår ställda frågeställning är: På vilket sätt påverkade företag USA: s beslut att attackera Irak. När vi svarar på denna frågeställning visar vi genom att använda oss av Graham Allisons teori Governmental Politics hur företaget Halliburton genom Vicepresident Dick Cheney påverkat USA: s beslut att invadera Irak. Genom detta försvarar vi tankarna att företag är viktiga aktörer inom utrikespolitisk analys och att man för att tillfredsställande kunna analysera ämnet måste komma ner på individnivå.

Author: Nilsson LindaTitle: Appraisal talk- new ideals and new formsThe purpose of this study was to examine the concept of the appraisal talk. More specifically its aim was to find out more about the function and the meaning of the appraisal talk, for the organization, managers and co-workers point of view, and if there was any specific method applied. Two of the central questions were: How did the managers and co-workers describe the function and the meaning of appraisal talks? Were there any differences or similarities of the respondent?s point of view, depended of their position in the organization? The method of analysis was qualitative with a critical reflective approach. The study was based on interviews with three managers and four co-workers, in the public service of elderly care in Kalmar municipality.

Author: Nilsson LindaTitle: Appraisal talk- new ideals and new formsThe purpose of this study was to examine the concept of the appraisal talk. More specifically its aim was to find out more about the function and the meaning of the appraisal talk, for the organization, managers and co-workers point of view, and if there was any specific method applied. Two of the central questions were: How did the managers and co-workers describe the function and the meaning of appraisal talks? Were there any differences or similarities of the respondent?s point of view, depended of their position in the organization? The method of analysis was qualitative with a critical reflective approach. The study was based on interviews with three managers and four co-workers, in the public service of elderly care in Kalmar municipality.

Through a sociocultural perspectivethe purpose of this study is to investigate how preschool teachers look at quality development in preschool and how they perceive their participation in this development.I have used a qualitative method based on five interviews with preschool teachers from three different parts of Sweden. I used an interview guide with open questions. The interview answers were categorized in themes based on the responses which were most frequent. In the result I have been using an analysis based on these themes. The result showed that the preschool teachers consider that the leadership style affects their work.

Companies today face more and more demands from society and stakeholders. It is no longer about just satisfying shareholders, sales and making a profit. Consumers are becoming more aware of products effects and the consequences it has on humans, our environment and the generation ahead of us. NGO:s and society request that companies take responsibility and actions toward a more sustainable business. Many investors analyze companies? sustainability regarding social and environmental issues when it comes to choosing a company to invest in.

Syftet med studien är att analysera hur engagemang och underkastelse upprätthålls hos Jehovas vittnens medlemmar. Studien visar hur värvningsprocessen påverkar upprätthållelsen och belyser hur organisationens sanktioner och sociala kontroll påverkar medlemmarna. Studien belyser även hur Jehovas vittnen förhåller sig till uteslutna medlemmar. Studien utgår från ett organisationsteoretiskt perspektiv för att förklara hur Jehovas vittnen lyckas ha ett starkt inflytande över sina medlemmar. Studien genomfördes med semistrukturerade intervjuer där sju avhoppare från Jehovas vittnen medverkade.

Kursplanen för svenska (Skolverket, 2000) återkommer ständigt till att litteraturen bör ha en central roll i undervisningen. Litteratur beskrivs som något man kan lära och uppleva genom, dels om sig själv, dels sin omvärld. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa vilken skönlitteratur lärarna använder i svenskundervisningen på högstadiet, hur den väljs samt hur lärarna väljer att arbeta med den. Våra informanter består av lärare, från två olika skolor med skilda förutsättningar. Av studien framgår att skolorna trots andra skillnader är relativt lika gällande skönlitteraturen och dess roll i svenskundervisningen, vilken samtliga lärare beskriver som central.

Syftet i denna studie var att studera förskolepersonalens uppfattningar om barns relationsskapande i leken utifrån ett genusperspektiv. Denna kvalitativa studie genomfördes med åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med förskolepersonal från två olika förskolor. Detta för att vi ville veta hur personalen ser på barns relationsskapande. Vårt resultat visar att pojkar och flickor skapar relationer och leker på olika sätt men att förskolepersonalen vill arbeta utifrån ett könsneutralt sätt och lägga fokus på barns individuella egenskaper och intressen. I studiens resultat så beskrevs fyra olika kategorier som tydligt framkommit.

A study has been conducted on how organizations in Sweden administer costs of facilities management services internally. There are three main theoretical methods for administering costs. In the first method, costs are maintained on a central level; in the second method, costs are allocated and in the third method, internal transfer pricing is used. The aim of the study is to identify which methods are applied in practice, to evaluate whether the methods fulfill their intended purposes and to study the relationship between the methods used and the cost level of facilites management services. In practice, a large diversity of methods are used for facilities management costs.

Bakgrund Typ 2-diabetes ?r en kronisk sjukdom d?r kroppen har insulinresistens eller minskad insulinproduktion som utvecklas l?ngsamt och kr?ver sammanfattande egenv?rdsinsatser. Sjuksk?terskan har en central roll i att st?dja patienter att utveckla kunskap, motivation och f?rm?ga till egenv?rd. Syfte Att belysa sjuksk?terskans arbete med att fr?mja egenv?rd hos vuxna personer med typ-2 diabetes.