Driving simulators are a very important part of the research that is done at VTI. Enhancing the realism and creating a better driving experience in the simulators are very important and an ongoing work process for the engineers and researchers who work with the simulators. This project has been done as a part of this developing process and the purpose is to enhance the realism of the rear-view mirrors.Simulating realistic rear-view mirrors has been demanded, not only from the researchers at VTI, but also from car and truck manufacturers. To achieve a realistic mirror view a method to measure and parameterize real mirrors has been developed. The code for the existing graphics system has also been redone to be able to handle the new types of mirrors introduced..

Allt fler personer drabbas av hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar, vilket på sikt kan leda till kronisk hjärtsvikt. För att förbättra omvårdnadsåtgärder för hjärtsviktspatienter har Socialstyrelsen 2004 givit ut nationella riktlinjer för hjärtsjukvård där vikten av en individuell handlingsplan betonas. Syftet med litteraturstudien är att undersöka på vilket sätt sjuksköterskor utför omvårdnadsåtgärder avseende fysisk aktivitet, egenvård, nutrition och rökstopp för patienter med hjärtsvikt och om dessa överrensstämmer med gällande riktlinjer samt om hänsyn måste tas till genusskillnader. Metoden är en litteraturstudie i databaserna PubMed och Elin@Malmö vilket resulterade i 14 artiklar som användes för att söka svaret på syftet. Som teoretisk referensram har Antonovskys KASAM modell använts.

This thesis attempts to describe the application of variation theory, as developed by Ference Marton, at a Swedish primary school, intermediate level. The aim of the thesis was to investigate some aspects of a learning process. The students were introduced with the theme of ?sustainable ecological development?. This included theoretical and practical knowledge of the art of sustainable living.

BackgroundType 1 diabetes is a chronically disease that often occurs in early life. In every year around 77.000 children in the world is estimated with type 1 diabetes. When a child gets a chronically disease it affects the whole family, specially the parents who will be the child's caregiver.AimThe aim of this study was to describe parents experiences of living with a child with type 1 diabetes.MethodA literature review was carried trough based on 10 qualitative scientific articles. The articles were analyzed and two main themes and seven subthemes emerged.ResultsAll parents experienced that they needed some kind of support particularly early in their illness. They felt it was a big responsibility to take care of their child with diabetes and parents often felt anxiety and fear associated with the disease.

Handling product returns has become a critical activity for organizations as the volume of gods flowing back through the supply chain rapidly increases. Few research studies have published specific empirical data concerning the reverse logistics practices of companies. Information technology and information support has long been recognized as a competitive weapon ? capable of enhancing company performance and achieving efficient reverse logistics. Reverse logistics is very unlike the forward, as it is more reactive and also has less visibility.

The aimof this study is to contribute furthermore to understand the complexity of theprocess of learning to read and write in an inclusive environment. It focus on the syllableinstead of the phoneme as a unit in this process which is not the most common way ofdoing it. The report is based on a qualitative analysis of this task in pre-school and gradeone at a primary school in a small municipality.In the result, I have found, that the very structured working process and the diagnosticapproach helps the teachers to understand on what level pupils are at. The pupils whostart working this way in pre-school, feel safe knowing what is expecting from them andthey also learn from each other. All pupils in grade one have, before w 45 in autumnterm, very good letter knowledge and have learnt how to read words with two syllableswith a consonant-wovel-structure.

The aim of this paper is to examine the experience of two Swedish women who survived the tsunami catastrophe in Thailand 2004. Through their biographies, Sävstam and Ernsth-Ohlsson have revealed their experiences, before, during and after the tsunami catastrophe. Coping theory is used to explain how they cope with the consequences of the tsunami catastrophe, and how culture affects the coping process. Pargament´s (1997) theories in coping are used to examine this paper. Pargament argues that the coping process is influenced by the culture context of the individual.

Arbetet har utförts på ABB i Ludvika med avsikt att förbättra revisionsprocessenför kontroll och skydd. En revision är en ändring på ett godkänt och klarmarkeratobjekt. Då objektet i fråga redan kan vara levererat till kund och man behöver göraen ändring krävs en strukturerad process för att utföra denna ändring. Processen föratt göra detta är i dagsläget komplicerad och kräver en hel del administrativt arbete.Processen använder sig utav ett antal program för lagring och databaser så som,Lotus Notes, HiDraw Studio, och HiDra32.Avdelningen för kontroll och skydd är i fasen att övergå till ett annat elCADsystem, Engineering Base. Detta är också en av anledningarna att man önskar en nyprocess för revisionshantering.Arbetet bestod till en början av inlärning av den dåvarande processen.

My thesis is an attempt to clarify the purpose and workings of art in relation to the artist, his/her fellows and society. Can art be considered as a uniting force? If so, where does its unifying quality lie? How does art connect with the individual, the community and society? My interpretation of the political climate regarding the arts has resulted in an exploration of the question: What role does art have in society today?The artistic ego as an altruism ? within the title of this thesis lies an absolute paradox ? a paradox that through this paper is tested, reviewed and demonstrated as a way of describing art and its workings. The thesis is problematized and studied from several angles: Through the inner artistic process, both reflective and empirical, and through philosophical studies..

The requirements for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are gradually increasing, partly because of higher incoming loads, which in turn require a more efficient treatment process. In parallel with environmental and economic goals there are also desires to lower energy consumption without compromising the wastewater treatment. Furthermore, there is a demand on WWTP´s to alter eutrophication in aquatic systems through better nitrogen and phosphorus removal. An increasing number of WWTP´s have acquired biological nitrogen and phos-phorus removal. A by-product of this type of biological treatment is the formation of nitrous oxide, which is a potent greenhouse gas.

The aim with this thesis is to study the risk management in construction projects at the Swedish Road Administration, SRA. Furthermore, the aim is to find the effects of the risk management. The theorem of this thesis is that the positive effects of the risk management in construction projects create additional value to the project. These additional values are that the project itself becomes resilient and that the project goals are achieved without any significant disturbances.This thesis shows that the risk management in construction projects do not follow the guidelines set out by the SRA. This is due to a lack of education in the method and a difficult method all together.

The main aim of this master thesis was to see the process of an interactive online reference service from idea to final product. The reference service we have studied is developed and used by the Library of the National Institute for Working Life in Stockholm, Sweden and goes by the name phibi. Our goal was to review the whole realization process from the reasons why a service like this was created, how the service was introduced and implemented inside the organisation and finally what the result and consequences were for both the library staff and for the users of the service. Phibi is designed to be a tool that fosters communication between the library staff and the remote users where the users get the opportunity to be helped with their questions by the library staff although they are not physically present in the library. To understand the process we conducted a case study with 11 interviews of the library staff, the superior and the initiator to phibi.

Bakgrund: För att kunna ge en tydlig beskrivning av patientperspektivet gällande erfarenheter av bemötandet inom ambulanssjukvården och på akutmottagning är det viktigt att ta hänsyn till människors förväntningar på bemötande inom ambulanssjukvården. En ambulanssjuksköterska måste kunna visa engagemang och empati och kunna tolka och förutse patienters olika behov.Syfte: Att beskriva patienters erfarenheter av bemötande inom ambulanssjukvården och på akutmottagning.Metod: En litteraturstudie med systematisk ansats där studier (n=20) med kvalitativ metod inkluderats. Artikelsökningarna gjordes i databaserna CINAHL och PUBMED.Resultat: I resultatet framkommer tre teman; "det första upplevda bemötandet på akutmottagningen".Slutsats: Vid ett behov av akutsjukvård är ambulanssjukvården och akutmottagningen på ett sjukhus de första vårdinstanser som patienter kommer i kontakt med. Hur patienterna upplever bemötandet inom dessa instanser är avgörande för hur deras förtroende påverkas för deras fortsatta vård..

Deliberate self harm as defined pathologically as well as socially is becoming an increasing phenomenon within forensic psychiatry. Nurses working with patients who have self harm behaviour and are confined to forensic psychiatry face different challenges which affect their feelings and attitudes in different ways, in their nursing practice.Purpose: To explore nurses? experiences of caring for patients who suffer from deliberate self harm behaviour and are confined to forensic psychiatry.Method: Qualitative semi- structured interview s from eight nurses working within the forensic psychiatric clinic. Interviews were analysed by using a qualitative content analysis.Results: They worked strategically and emphasized the importance of teamwork, good communication and urged for the need to get necessary education, staff focused tutoring and patient focused therapy.Conclusion: Need for necessary education, patient focused therapy and staff focused tutor is needed to empower staff working with patients who are confined within forensic psychiatry and suffer from deliberate self harm behaviour..

In the production of pulp, paper and cardboard, a large amount of water is used daily. The water has to be purified in the internal purifying plant before it reaches the receiving body of water. In the biological purifying stage at the Stora Enso Skoghall mill, an aerated basin is used where the microorganisms, using oxygen, oxidize the organic material to carbon dioxide. The air is pumped from the bottom of the basin and the oxygen can then be transported from the air bubbles to the water through diffusion. The problem with aeration of waste water from the forest industry is that wood residues, such as fatty acids, are making the transport of oxygen in water more difficult.