BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a slow progressive disease affecting the family caregivers by limiting their lifestyle. Subsequently the situation can be experienced as stressful for both the afflicted and the relatives. To easier understand the needs of the caregivers of family members suffering from COPD have, it is important to get an insight into their experience of every-day life, so that medical staff can help, support and promote their health according to their needs. AIM: To illustrate caregivers? experiences of living with a family member suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

This thesis investigates lacks in today?s use of the ERP-system Mapaz Affärssystem inthe production planning at Solna Pressgjuteri, and possible improvements. Today thedates calculated by the program to plan the orders are inaccurate and the ordersequence is not optimal, and therefore continuous manual corrections are needed.The approach was to study the program Mapaz to understand how it works, andidentify available parameters for input and output in the different tools offered in theprogram. By studying old lists of planned orders and relevant parameters in Mapaz forindividual orders, production groups, products and operations, the connectionbetween input and output parameters could be understood.Participating in planning meetings and discussions with the company behind theERP-system identified the current usage, desideratum and possibilities with theavailable tools. These were then matched to describe the reasons to the insufficientplanning and form possible actions for improvement.The work has showed poor understanding for the ERP-system and its functions, assome tools intended to assist the planning were not used, and some even usedincorrectly.

AB Sandvik Cormorant?s production unit in Gimo has identified a need to examinethe handling of products between operations with the purpose of generatingproposals of improvement for the product handling.The aim of this project is to study the existing manufacturing process and givesuggestions for improvement. The proposals should reduce the manual handling ofproducts, decrease the risk of damaging the products during the manufacturing andform a basis for increased traceability. Based on a mapping of the manufacturingprocess and the problem description, a specification of requirements has beencomposed.The mapping of the manufacturing process suggests that a change of the currentsystem is required. The company is recommended to decide how the producthandling between operations should be performed as guidelines for the productionteam.

This is a Minor field study addressing the current situation in Vientiane, Laos where focus lies on the green structures past, present and future. The city of Vientiane is growing rapidly and as a result of this there is a increasing development. The once peaceful capital known for it?s lush and green environment is standing in a crossroad where important decision must be made to preserve valuable areas. During 8 weeks inventories and observations where made resulting into a proposal for future development. The proposal is divided into three parts. The urban fringe and surrounding landscape are still quite undeveloped and have a great potential of green wedges etc. The city of Vientiane and the green network linking important recreational, commercial and cultural places. Detailed proposal over certain green objects such as parks and squares..

I denna studie har insamling av referensdata över språkförståelse hos treåringar med typisk språkutveckling genomförts. Till detta har bedömningsmaterialet Sofialådan (Westerlund & Öfverholm-Engström, 1995) använts. Sofialådan bygger som flera andra språkförståelsematerial på den s.k. act-outmetoden där man låter barnet agera med föremål efter en given instruktion. Med hjälp av föremålen i Sofialådan bedöms barnets förmåga att identifiera grundfärger och storleksbegrepp, kategorisera, flytta föremålenligt olika prepositionsanvisningar samt att följa flerledade instruktioner.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of today's major public health problems, affecting up to 347 million people worldwide. Several studies have shown a correlation between hearing loss and diabetes mellitus. However, it is still unclear whether this correlation differs between type 1-diabetes and type 2-diabetes.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is any difference in prevalence of hearing loss in type 1-diabetics versus type 2-diabetics.Method: A meta-analysis was performed based on ten studies that were identified through the database PubMed and through manual searching of references. Odds ratios for the risk of developing hearing loss were calculated in each study. Pooled odds ratios were calculated using a random effects model.Results: Pooled odds ratios indicates that both type 1-diabetics and type 2-diabetics are more likely to develope hearing loss compared to non-diabetic controls.

This paper aims to explore the reception in Sweden of the work and ideas of neuroscientist Antonio R Damasio, expressed in his four published books. The material used is mainly articled and reviews published in Sweden between 1995 and 2011 regarding Damasio?s books. To analyze the reception, paradigm theories by Kuhn, and Bourdieu?s ideas regarding field, habitus and capital has been used.

The aim of the study is to learn more about the way preschool teachers work with Information and Communication Technology(ICT). More specifically, this study aims to explore how preschool teachers describe their experience of ICT, the conditions and opportunities to work with ICT, and their own knowledge and competence in the use of digital tools with preschool children. The research method consists of interviews with preschool teachers and observations at five municipal preschools in Stockholm as well as an analysis of the relevant passages in the Curriculum for the Preschool and the Curriculum of Stockholm city. This study shows that there seems to be great variation in the amount of ICT tools present in preschools. Preschool teachers expect a lot from ICT, and the improvements that it can make on their work.

We live in an exciting society, characterized by continuous changes and challenges. The effects of the globalization are widespread. The continuous flow of people, capital and goods follows in the wake of advances in communications, transport and information technology, resulting in a changed situation for different stakeholders in the society. This situation leads to increased cooperation and exchange, but also increased competition. The primary means of collecting empirical data for this study was interviews and a document study.

Det är tydligt att utseende påverkar vilka ansikten människor kommer ihåg och inte. Skulle det gå att öka eller minska igenkännbarheten genom att utföra små ändringar i ansikten mellan de tillfällen en person ser dessa? I denna undersökning har jag analyserat resultat från undersökningar genomförda av 170 personer och och kommit fram till att det är möjligt till en viss grad. Ytterligare extensiv forskning bör visserligen ske innan man kan bekräfta dessa studier, men skulle så bli fallet kan detta potentiellt påverka hur karaktärer i spel och andra medium designas..

I detta projektarbete kommer följande att behandlas;Efter en definition och begreppsförklarande inledande del presenteras en teoretisk genomgång av konsumtionsteori med en mer specifik vinkling mot teorier om kapitalvaror. Därefter kommer en empirisk studie där faktorer som behandlats i teoridelen tas upp som beroendevariabler för efterfrågan på kapitalvaran bil. Slutsatserna som dras är att räntenivån påverkar bilinköp mest, troligen för att kreditkostnaderna utgör en allt större del av hushållens disponibla inkomster. Dessutom bekräftas det att inkomsten fluktuerar mer än konsumtionen och detta gäller också för hushållens konsumtion av nya bilar..

Farmers Cooperative has in recent years developed from national markets to cross-border, international, collaborations. One example is the merger between the Swedish dairy company Arla and Danish MD Foods, where the companies collectively are sought to reduce transaction costs and thus improve efficiency. The Swedish market for commodities (fertilizers and pesticides) in agriculture has for many years been dominated by a few large players, with little opportunity for grain associations and local grain companies to offer their customers a varied range of commodities with a competitive pricing.To change this state, a majority of Swedish and Danish grain associations and local grain companies have established a trans-national cooperation. Through the establishment of the organization DLA Agro, they offer their customers a good variety of products with competitive prices. This study investigates thus according to the theory of cooperative models to what extent and how the DLA Agro helps to create benefits for the Swedish member companies.

Denna rapport behandlar den process då ett befintligt koncept på en kaffekvarn skall utvecklas med hänsyn till interaktion och gränssnittsdesign.Litteraturstudier utfördes för att få en djupare kunskap inom ämnen som designprinciper, färglära, semiotik och användbarhet. I förstudien gjordes en marknadsanalys där målet var att få användarens syn på den kaffekvarn som används. Samtliga tillfrågade användare var nöjda med den kvarn som brukas och ansåg att det ljud som uppstår vid malning är en viktig signal som ges till användaren. Med de kommentarer som uppstod och den marknadsanalys som utfördes skapades en kravspecifikation med krav som att kvarnen skall vara lätt att rengöra och användaren skall förstå dess funktion utan manual.Konceptgenereringsmetoder som moodboard och stimulianalys användes för att generera nya koncept som utvärderades med hjälp av pluralistisk genomgång. Utefter dessa metoder, och den information som under tidigare faser erhållits skapades ett slutligt koncept; en kaffekvarn med lutad display för att öka användarens betraktningsvinkel samt böjda gejdrar för en smidig insättning av filterhållare.

Alltfler myndigheter och kommuner väljer Facebook som en av sina kommunikations- och publiceringskanaler. Möjlighet till dialog och att snabbt sprida information till medborgarna är några av argumenten. Målet är att myndigheter och kommuner ska bli mer tillgängliga. För att lyckas med detta använder man klarspråk. Problemet med klarspråk är att det inte är tillräckligt för vissa målgrupper.

Are we able to help younger students to develop their understanding and their use of the capital letter, dot and question mark by giving them intensive teaching on the subject during a short period, and would the effect be long lasting?I decided to investigate this together with young students in second and third grade and at the same time try to see which grade would benefit most.By using an experimental research design I conducted the investigation in a class with children from both grades where the result was compared with two similar control groups. The investigation lasted during five months, while the students were able to show their knowledge in the subject just before and after a two weeks period of intensive teaching and then again after four months.The result showed that the intensive teaching had an effect that lasted over time and that it was the students in second grade that would benefit most. .