Sammanfattning Titel:                            Externt kapital i samband med investeringar                            - En studie om framgångsrika företag i Gästrikland Nivå:                     C-uppsats i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare:            Madelene Bergström                            Mikael Pettersson Handledare:           Per-Arne Wikström Datum:                       2012 ? 06 Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka vilken inställning framgångsrika företag har till olika externa kapitalkällor vid en investering samt hur dessa företag har finansierat tidigare investeringar. Metod: Datainsamling har skett dels via en egen webbenkät till 229 stycken framgångsrika företag i Gästrikland samt genom en sammanställning av redan insamlat material från åren 2005 ? 2011. Materialet har sammanställts och redovisas i diagramform. Analysen har sedan gjorts genom att jämföra empiri och teori vilket sedan är utgångspunkt för diskussion. Resultat & slutsats: Studien visar att företagen prioriterar internt kapital framför externt kapital samt att deras inställning till externt kapital varierar med marknadens konjunktursvängningar. Det finns även en skillnad mellan företagens inställning till olika kapitalkällor och de kapitalkällor de faktiskt använt när de har genomfört investeringar. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: En studie som på ett djupare plan belyser bakomliggande orsaker till skillnaderna i inställning till olika kapitalkällor och vilka källor som faktiskt har använts vid en investering. Uppsatsens bidrag: Studien bidrar till en ökad förståelse för hur företag finansierar investeringar. Nyckelord: Pecking order, finansiering, kapitalkällor, externt kapital, internt kapital.

Starch is a naturally occurring substance in most plants and is used as energy storage. It is a component that mainly consists of amylose and amylopectin. Together they build a complex pattern which gives starch its specific properties. The proportion of amylose and amylopectin varies in different plants but generally starch consists of 25 % amylose and 75 % amylopectin. There have been discoveries of barley varieties containing 100 % amylopectin called ?waxy starches? or ?waxy barley? as well as varieties that have a high content of amylose, around 70 % and these are called ?amylotypes?.

This paper examines the non-profit organization Friskis&Svettis in order to gain insight into whether governmentality is used and if it is being used in what way. Furthermore we analyzed the requirements and consequences that that may have developed out of this governance structure. To get answers to the questions asked in this paper, a qualitative approach has been taken by the use of interviews with officials at Friskis&Svettis Uppsala. The conclusions drawn from the survey is that there are factors that indicate that governmentality is used within the organization by way of the use of guidelines which can be seen as a technique to control individuals and point them in the desired direction, and the follow-ups that can verify that the guidelines are being followed by the officials. The guidelines and the follow-up have also been an organizational requirement.

Trading financial securities at stock exchanges and other authorized market places is today a particularly important socioeconomic phenomenon in many industrialized countries. A well functioning securities market is crucial for the economic development in these countries. The modern trading with stocks and other financial securities is characterized by the fact that the majority of the transactions at the stock exchanges are carried out through various intermediaries. The ultimate counterparties that are involved in a securities transaction (the seller and the buyer) are often unknown to each other. The anonymity in the securities trading implies several interesting legal problems.

Problembeskrivning: Under år 2006 förvärvade Cevian Capital AB, med dess företrädare Christer Gardell och Lars Förberg i spetsen, en aktiepost i det svenska företaget Volvo. Detta skapade starka reaktioner i såväl det svenska näringslivet som hos svenska politiker, vilket kom att avspeglas i media. Farhågor väcktes om att Cevian Capital AB: s närvaro i Volvo skulle kunna vara menligt för det sistnämnda företagets långsiktiga strategiska mål. Vidare fruktades att närvaron skulle förorsaka arbetslöshet. Andra bedömare ansåg dock att förvärvet skulle mottagas såsom någonting positivt för den svenska kapitalmarknaden.

The Iron Age cemetery at Tuna in Badelunda parish, Västmanland, is a complex and unique burial ground used for only 69 graves during a period of roughly 700 years, between 300 - 1050 AC. The individuals buried at Tuna show an impressive variety of gravegods as well as stonesettings formed above the grave. Who where these people that were cremated at Tuna, among the mysterious women in the boats and the rich women in grave X? As we study the graves of the cremated individuals we reach a new understanding of the cemetery; from its social structure down to every individual. Through the analysis of the stonesettings, gravegods and bones we see a how these subjects, when analysed, show a picture of the individuals and social structure of the cemetery.

The purpose of this comparative study is to investigate if the views of Sayyid Qutb and Tariq Ramadan regarding social structure and religion are possible to unite with western liberal democracy. The basis of the study is the problematizing approaches written by Qutb and Ramadan regarding the possible unity between Islam and democracy. These problematizing approaches are then tested on the political philosophy of liberalism to see if a unity is possible.The result showed that Qutb's view did not meet the criteria of democracy, which wasn't surprising due to his negative views on the system. However, Ramadan's reformist view on Muslim identity did unite with the views of liberal democracy, though questions regarding the possibility of creating and preserving a European Muslim identity in the secular society were immediately brought to attention.The importance in Qutb's view is social equality, unity and submission to God and the importance of Ramadan's view is to create and preserve a European Muslim identity and adapt to the society where you live and participate as a citizen. Qutb's view will not tolerate diversity and one is to keep or convert to the Muslim faith.

Background: The devolopment in the exchange market has attract a large number of investors. The information flow is extensive and it might be hard to follow the dynamic market. Some investors therefore choose to place their capital in a stock portfolio which is manged by a professional firm with no influence from the capital owner, this management is called discretionary managing. Purpose: the purpose of the thesis is to examine the working methods and the rationality regarding the management of the discretionary portfolios. The purpose is also to try to examine whether there is a relation between the selected risk, return and fees.

The aim of the thesis is to explore how the human subject is depicted in contemporary posthumancinema and how these films effect our comprehension of human subjectivity. The object of analysis isJames Cameron?s Avatar (2009) and the method of analysis is cybernetic and intermedial. The conclusionis that Avatar is a film that depicts a posthuman network society where existence and subjectivity in a greatvariety of forms is possible. The film presents posthuman subjects in symbiosis with avatars, terminals,extensions and prothesis.

The real estate industry is a sector where the companies generally have a Capital Structure which is high leveraged. The financing? with the related terms ? is therefore specifically of high importance for the companies in the sector. Traditionally, the way of obtain financing is by borrowing from the bank. Lately, due to new bank regulations, the banks have become more restrictive in their lending which have lead to a growth of other financing alternatives.

Studien undersöker de existerande projekt och projektidéer som finns i regionen. Sedan genomförs utifrån teorier om innovativa zoner en utvärdering av projektens potential att sprida förnyelse..

In 1994 it was decided that a new network based organizational model was to be initiated to face the problems of some of the gender inequalities in Sweden. The organisation structure was named Resource Centre for Women (ResursCentrum för kvinnor).This essay constitutes a qualitative case study of governing, with this organisation structure as my field of inquiry. My ambition has been to outline and explain what kind of governing has been used and how it works. I have also tried to identify potential changes of the ways of governing over time. To help me out with that task, I have applied a theoretical framework, characterized of a governance perspective, and have used terms as: governing with networks, partnership, projects and visionary government to interpret my empiric material.My result shows that there have been various changes in the ways of governing, from a more hierarchal government form of governing to a more governance based one..

En Venture Capital satsning innebär att en investerare satsar pengar i ett företag för att efter en tid kunna sälja sina andelar. Venture capital-bolagen specialiserar sig på att gå in med aktivt affärsstöd (riskkapital och kompetens) till företag med utvecklingspotential oftast med ett tidsbegränsat engagemang. Investeraren har redan vid begynnelse av investering en målsättning att lämna och sälja sitt innehav, vilket benämns exit. Med exit menas det sätt på vilket ledning och investerare kan likvidera den värdetillväxt som uppkommit.Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka och beskriva de drivkrafterna som ligger bakom olika former av exitstrategier. För att uppnå uppsatsens syften gjorde vi fallstudie med hjälp av kvalitativ undersökningsmetod.De teorier som tillämpades i uppsatsen var till att börja med de första viktiga stegen mot exiten nämligen investeringsbeslutet.

We have produced a process mapping and from there developed a document management plan for the research service at the Labour Movement Archives and Library (ARAB) in Stockholm, Sweden. The project was conducted during five weeks in the spring of 2011 at ARAB and the resulting classification structure and document plan has been formulated and presented to the staff at a seminar. We found that the institution in some cases were suffering from an inadequate documentation in a number of the identified processes, and also in their records management and archiving. In this additional memorandum follows an analyzing discussion of activity-based document- and archive management, e-archives and process mapping. We have accordingly tried to standardize the process of research services and contribute to a more adequate document management within the institution.

This thesis analyzes and discusses the role of institutions concerning countries' abilities to create economic wealth. The countries that we are analyzing are the former members of the Warsaw pact and former Yugoslavia. These countries are referred to as transition countries. In order to analyze the transition countries institutional structure we are using Douglass C. North's theory regarding institutions and institutional building.