Det är inte enbart den sjuke som blir delaktig och påverkas i samband med ett insjuknande i cancer, utan även de anhöriga blir drabbas. Forskningen är inriktad på patienternas upplevelse av cancer, både ur ett kvantitativt och kvalitativt perspektiv. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva upplevelsen av information när en närstående har cancer. 11 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Analysen resulterade i fem slutliga kategorier: Att informationen orsakar rädsla och oro men ger stöd, Att vilja förstå det som sägs och skrivs, Att själv söka kunskap om cancer, Önskan att alltid få vara med, Att vårdpersonalen avsatte tid och förklarade.

Bakgrund: Målet med den palliativa vården är att med hjälp av behandlingar och vård bibehålla eller förbättra den livskvalité som personen har. Dock upplever de flesta personer med cancer svår smärta i det palliativa skedet. Dessutom kan personer med cancer uppleva olika former av smärta samtidigt. Smärta kan uttryckas genom både verbal och icke verbal kommunikation. Genom öppen och god kommunikation minskar risken för missförstånd och detta kan leda till ökat välbefinnande för personer med cancer.

Bachelor thesis ? ControllerEconomics, Linneaus UniversityTitle:From data to information ? a case study at Södra Cell Mönsterås Authors:Sofie Gotting, Renée Lundberg and Emma Molin Tutor: Anders Jerreling Examiner: Fredrik Karlsson In Sweden, the process industries employs nearly 600 000 people and it accounts for about 60 percent of the country's net export. In many industries today, there is a growing emphasis on calculations. They are used to manage and control the activities in today?s organizations, one of these industries is the process industry.

Fibroblast growth factors are signaling peptides that controls important cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion and survival. Through binding to different types of receptors on the cell surface, these peptides can have different effect on the target cell. Which effect that is achieved depends on many factors. Thus, each of the 24 known FGFs different biological responses. The FGF receptors (FGFR 1-4) initiates different intracellular pathways which in turn leads to different biological responses.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the productivity effects of multiple tree handling in thinnings. Other important elements have been to investigate in which extent multi-tree handling is used in stands with different stem volumes and the impact of collecting partially delimbed fuelwood assortments has on harvesting performance. The study is based on data from thinnings in Sydved and contractors' operating activities. Collection and compilation of operating schedules, number of stems and surveyed volumes from several contractors and a large number of executed orders underlying the results. Multiple tree handling is used to a much greater extent at lower average stem volumes. Prediction models for productivity of the multiple-tree handling harvesters in the study differ from the productivity models for single-tree handling. In the model developed in this study productivity is not as dependent of stem volume as reference models.

To increase the knowledge about the growth of hazel (Corylus avellana)and size distribution of the shoots, circumference and stem diameter wasmeasured in a total of 54 clones in two areas in Östergötland. Further, thewidth of growth rings was determined for separate years. The diameter ofthe stems was measured both out from the centre of the stem andperpendicular to the first measure. The stems showed only a weaktendency to have an oval shape (with the longest side outwards from thecentre). The growth model did not improve when the degree of sunlightof clones was taken into the account.

Research in solar energy is taking big steps in both solar heating and solar electricity. It´s not only the technologies alone, but also the combination of both solar electricity and solar heating which is what is called a solar hybrid. The idea of a solar hybrid is that a solar cells efficiency decrease with increased temperature and can with help from a solar collector be cooled and the heat can be utilized. This thesis report compares heat production and electricity production with respect of, in first hand, a solar hybrids geometry in the cooler. The theory chapter describes solar heating and how different solar cell technologies work and their environmental impact at the production and how compatible these technologies are for the solar hybrid.

2800 kvinnor i Sverige insjuknar i gynekologisk cancer årligen. Vanliga behandlingsmetoder är kirurgi, strål- och cytostatikabehandling. Behandlingarna har visat fysisk och psykisk påverkan och att kvinnor med gynekologisk cancer oroar sig i större grad än andra patienter med andra cancerformer. Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser efter avslutad behandling av gynekologisk cancer. Uppsatsen genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 12 artiklar analyserades.

One of the most important components of a harvester is the crane. Most harvester cranes are only possible to pivot (or horizontally rotate) at the crane pillar. Cranab in Vindeln, Sweden, has developed a new type of harvester crane which has an extra pivot point on the outer boom. This makes it possible to reach around residual trees, easing thinning work in dense stands. The aim of the study was to analyze if the use of a pivoting outer boom (POB) crane gave an increase in thinning production and if there were any differences in time consumption between the work elements for the POB crane and a conventional crane. A Valmet 911.3 equipped with a POB crane was used in the study.

Bakgrund: Målet med den palliativa vården är att med hjälp av behandlingar och vård bibehålla eller förbättra den livskvalité som personen har. Dock upplever de flesta personer med cancer svår smärta i det palliativa skedet. Dessutom kan personer med cancer uppleva olika former av smärta samtidigt. Smärta kan uttryckas genom både verbal och icke verbal kommunikation. Genom öppen och god kommunikation minskar risken för missförstånd och detta kan leda till ökat välbefinnande för personer med cancer. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa hur samspelet mellan personer med cancer i ett palliativt skede och sjuksköterskan påverkade personens upplevelse av smärta. Metod: En litteraturstudie har genomförts med hjälp av åtta artiklar som har analyserats med kvalitativ ansats. Resultat: Genom kommunikation och relation mellan personer med cancer och sjuksköterskan kunde smärta lindras.

Cancer is one of the most common diseases and it affects not only adults but also many adolecents and children every year. Those who are affected of disease face many challenges that will affect their lives. The aim of this literature review was to illuminate adolecents experience of cancer and how it affects them in their daily living. The result showed that the adolecents experience many physical and mental side-effects from disease and treatment. They expressed the need of information, support and understanding from their families, friends, school and care givers.

Cancer is one of the most feared diseases in veterinary medicine today, and the incidence is higher than ever due to the fact that our companion animals live longer then they did ten to twenty years ago. Cancer is also one of the most common causes of mortality in older companion animals. This literature review will be about two of the currently most common form of cancer treatment of companion animals in Swedish animal hospitals, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. There will also be a section of general nursing care for cancer patients. The section of chemotherapy will describe the indications for choosing chemotherapy, the way to administrate chemotherapeutic drugs, describe specific chemotherapeutic drugs, potential side effects of chemotherapy, and how to handle and store chemotherapeutic drugs safely. The section of radiation therapy will describe the current devices for delivering radiation therapy, describe the indications for choosing radiation therapy and describe potential side effects that radiation therapy may cause.

Bakgrund: Gynekologisk cancer är en särskilt intim form av cancer och drabbar ca 2900 kvinnor i Sverige varje år. Syfte: Att beskriva upplevelser och behov hos kvinnor som har gynekologisk cancer och sjuksköterskans stödjande roll. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på tio vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ metod. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fyra huvudteman; förändrad sexualitet, en osäker framtid, relationer samt sjuksköterskans roll. Kvinnorna upplevde en förändrad kroppsbild, ett förändrat sexliv samt en rädsla för recidiv.

The aim of this study was to evaluate different types of volume and taper equations that can be used to predict single-tree stem volume and stem diameter at any given height along the tree stem for plantation grown Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) and White spruce (Picea glauca (Mounch) Voss) in Iceland. A number of published tree volume equations were tested and modified to predict the total stem volumes over bark but three logarithmic equations were taken for more in-depth analysis. Three taper equations were tested. Two variable-exponent equations (Kozak 1997, Kozak 2004) and one exponential equation described by Biging (1984). Data from a total of 617 sample trees were used in this study, collected from stands in various parts of the country and present different types of stands growing in different soil types and cover most of the site conditions suitable for forestry in Iceland.

En hel del forskning finns inom området cancersjukdomar. Kunskap om personers upplevel-ser av att få återfall i cancer är otillräckliga vad gäller perspektiv på omvårdnad. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att studera personers upplevelse att få återfall i cancer. Sex interna-tionellt publicerade vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Ana-lysen resulterade i fem kategorier: att vinna kontroll över hälsan och lära sig att leva med sjukdomen, att inte bli hörsammad, att cancern aldrig försvinner och att man blir rädd att dö i förtid, att ha en Gudstro och att få stöd av någon som älskar en inger hopp och att sätta värde på livet och prioritera mer medvetet.