AbstractWork to develop the Eurocodes started in 1975 by the European Commission adopted a program to eliminate trade barriers within the construction area. The goal was to create common European design standards that would replace the member countries' own rules. Eurocodes will replace The National Board of Housing Building and Planning, National Rail, The National Road Administration and other agencies' calculation rules for the buildings structures. The transition to the use of Eurocodes looks like this:Eurocodes set to Swedish standards  between 2002 ? 2007They can be used parallel with national standards 2006 - 2009 The total transition is at the end of 2010/2011.Right now is going on a lot of work for replacement of the existing standards to Eurocodes.  The transition to the new calculations` standards, many construction companies and consulting firms facing a big changes and competitions.

This essay intends to provide an understanding of the developments in the right of public access and recreational activities in the forests of Sweden, and which factors and prerequisites that have affected this development. The forest and its history, along with recreational development has in many ways shaped today?s rights of public access, but there is also an age-old tradition of public access that has affected how we have used the forest, and that also has enabled the development of outdoor recreation. Many are unaware of this, which causes misunderstanding to appear around the rights of public access and how it is supposed to be used.The essay opens with historical descriptions of public access, the Swedish forest and outdoor recreation, to thereby provide a picture of how these three fields have influenced each other over the centuries. This is followed by a description of the current access rights and the problems associated with those, and a description of other countries' equivalent of the right of public access.

In this essay I point out that the presence of  ?Otherness? plays a key role in the novel The Beach by Alex Garland, and that the text relates to a colonial literary tradition. I?ve mainly used the distinction of Otherness and cultural representation presented by the postcolonial theorist Edward W. Said to guide me.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of how a bank?s features and internal factors have affected its choice of method in calculating the capital requirement.Theoretical and Empirical Method: The research strategy of this study has been of a qualitative nature with a deductive approach. The choice of method was depth interviews with respondents from a targeted sample of Swedish banks. These respondents were chosen based on the knowledge they possess as key employees in the capital requirement process and their involvement in choosing their banks? method for calculating the capital requirement.

This essay examines the role religion plays in kindergarten. Today, the Swedish kindergarten provides child care for a secular and multicultural society where religion is considered a private matter that should not influence government nor the policy documents of kindergarten and elementary school. According to a study by Jenny Berglund, there is a so-called Protestant bias present in the Swedish elementary school. Protestant bias is shaped by a ?marinade? of liberal Protestant Christianity and has an indirect influence on how other religions are described, how religion is defined and how concepts such as religion, tradition or culture are viwed.The study was also based on Ninian Smart?s dimensions of religion, whichcorrelates to Berglund?s theory on Protestant bias.

The purpose of this study was to develop two types of prediction models for Scots Pine and Norway Spruce. The first type for calculation of the stump diameter under bark the year the tree reached breast height (Dstubh130). The second type for calculation of the annual difference, e.g. the number of growth years between stump height (0.2 m) and breast height (1.3 meters above ground level). The primary thought with these prediction models is to obtain the breast height age in the trees on basis of the number of annual rings at stump.

The low bearing capacity of roads during the spring thaw and periods in the autumn leads every year to increases costs for Holmen Skog. To reduce costs and increase accessibility Holmen Skog decided to install and test a CTI-system. Central tire inflation (CTI) is a system that makes it possible to monitor and vary a vehicle?s tire inflation pressures from the cabin, while the vehicle is in motion. When tire pressures are reduced, the area of the contact surface between the tire and the road increases, thus reducing the ground pressure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the CTI-equipped vehicle and analyze if the CTI technology is economical defensible during the thaw 2005.

This essay examines the role religion plays in kindergarten. Today, the Swedish kindergarten provides child care for a secular and multicultural society where religion is considered a private matter that should not influence government nor the policy documents of kindergarten and elementary school. According to a study by Jenny Berglund, there is a so-called Protestant bias present in the Swedish elementary school. Protestant bias is shaped by a ?marinade? of liberal Protestant Christianity and has an indirect influence on how other religions are described, how religion is defined and how concepts such as religion, tradition or culture are viwed.The study was also based on Ninian Smart?s dimensions of religion, whichcorrelates to Berglund?s theory on Protestant bias.

There is an expression called ?grief of climate? that refers to feelings of powerlessness and heaviness related to the environmental problems of today. A feeling that every move we make has bad consequences for nature. This essay is an investigation of how art in general and jewellery art in particular can be a way of discussing and visualizing current environmental problems and the complex relationship between human and nature. I am discussing how artworks dealing with a dark and dystopian picture of the relation can be seen as the memento mori of our time.

Stockholm is growing with almost two fully loaded SL-buses a day. One of the consequences that derive from this is the increase of public transport travelers who put the regionally governed public transport up to the test in terms of its capacity. The Transport administration in Stockholm County initiated 2015 a project with the purpose of simplifying the calculation of bus stop capacities. A hypothesis (set up by the Transport administration) based on that a model for calculation of bus stop capacities could be calibrated for Stockholm conditions is being researched in this bachelor?s essay.The study is implemented by self-collected traffic data from bus stops located in the Stockholm city center.

AbstractWork to develop the Eurocodes started in 1975 by the European Commission adopted a program to eliminate trade barriers within the construction area. The goal was to create common European design standards that would replace the member countries' own rules. Eurocodes will replace The National Board of Housing Building and Planning, National Rail, The National Road Administration and other agencies' calculation rules for the buildings structures. The transition to the use of Eurocodes looks like this:Eurocodes set to Swedish standards  between 2002 ? 2007They can be used parallel with national standards 2006 - 2009 The total transition is at the end of 2010/2011.Right now is going on a lot of work for replacement of the existing standards to Eurocodes.  The transition to the new calculations` standards, many construction companies and consulting firms facing a big changes and competitions.

Vi valde att genomföra en undersökning baserad på intervjuer med syfte att undersöka hur lärare resonerar kring handskrivandets roll i förhållande till ny skrivteknik. Både lärare på högskolenivå och som undervisar i förskoleklass medverkar i studien. Forskningsfrågorna som ligger till grund för undersökningen är följande: Hur resonerar lärare kring en korrekt pennfattnings betydelse för barns skrivförmåga? Hur resonerar lärare om att använda datorer och andra skrivhjälpmedel i barns skrivande? Vår undersökning kommer att belysas utifrån ett sociohistoriskt perspektiv.Uppsatsen tar upp ämne som skrivundervisning i Sverige, definition av en korrekt pennfattning, styrdokument, barnet som skrivande person samt datorn i undervisningen. Vi finner det rimligt att fråga hur korrekt pennfattning har betydelse för barns skrivförmåga.

Med fråganVar finns träjuntan som ingång och övergripande ramfråga behandlar den här undersökningen frågeställningarna Hur ser relationer till tradition ut hos människor som träffas i grupp för att slöjda i materialen trä och textil och Hur skapas kunskaper i slöjdgrupper som arbetar i materialen trä och/eller textil? Undersökningen har syftat till att ta reda på om materialet trä har samma funktion som det textila materialet i att förena människor i motsvarigheter till vad vi kallar syjunta. Undersökningen har därutöver behandlat frågor kring varför människor väljer att träffas på ett sådant sätt, hur relationer till materialet ser ut och vad tradition spelar för roll för denna form av verksamhet. Genom en kort historisk tillbakablick har undersökningen försökt hitta sy- och träjuntornas historiska ursprung. Etnografisk metod har använts för datainsamling, vilket i praktiken har inneburit deltagande observationer, samtal och intervjuer med deltagare i sex olika slöjdgrupper i Mellansverige.

Denna studie undersöker ett antagande om att konst är bra för hälsan. I Sverige finns en tradition av att använda och producera bilder i vårdsammanhang men ingen traditionsbunden forskning eller utbildning för att utvärdera detta. Vem säger att bildskapandet är hälsosamt, och vilka argument används för att styrka detta?Vad sägs egentligen om bildskapande verksamhet och hälsa, av i första hand pedagogerna själva, men även av verksamheterna i deras informationstexter? Genom att använda diskursanalys som verktyg har jag samlat in och bearbetat material som består av institutionernas publicerade material samt transkriberade intervjuer med tre pedagoger. Mitt syfte är att undersöka talet om hälsoeffekter av konst bland i första hand pedagogerna själva från utvalda institutioner som på olika sätt arbetar hälsofrämjande.Studien är etnografisk kvalitativ.Resultaten visade att pedagogerna beskrev sinsemellan liknande observationer gällande konstens påverkan och klientens reaktioner, kommunicerande och producerande av bilder.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och belysa om, och i så fall hur, invandrarbarn uppväxta i Sverige med rötter i muslimska länder, påverkas av mellanförskap och hur de skapar identitet utifrån detta. Frågorna jag valt för att uppnå syftet är: Vad innebär det för invandrarbarn med rötter i muslimska länder att växa upp i det svenska samhället? Tillkommer det speciella faktorer i identitetsbildandet mellanförskapsbarn med mus¬limsk tradition i förhållande till etniskt svenska barn? Hur upplever mellanförskapsbarn den dubbla tillvaron och sin identitet? Hur ska skolan på bästa sätt kunna undervisa samt tillgodose behoven hos mellanförskapsbarn med muslimsk tradition? Metoden jag använder för att illustrera syftet är av en kvalitativ ansats där det empiriska materialet består av fyra intervjuer med mellanförskapsbarn med muslimsk bakgrund. I studiens teoretiska del har jag vetenskaplig litteratur som grund för att vidare kunna i resultat¬analysen diskutera de olika faktorer som belyser problemställningen. Resultatet i denna studie påvisar att det förkommer speciella problem baserade på den dubbla tillvaron och att identitetsskapandet påverkas av detta.