Lågt protein- och energiintag är vanliga kännetecken hos höftfrakturspatienter. Under sjukhusvistelsen fortsätter ofta det otillräckliga intaget, vilket kan utgöra ett hinder för den funktionella återhämtningen. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa nutritionens betydelse för tillfrisknandet efter en höftfraktur och undersöka vilken roll sjuksköterskan har i detta sammanhang. Följande frågeställningar eftersträvas att besvaras: Hur påverkar patientens nutritionsstatus tillfrisknandet efter en höftfraktur? Vilken roll har sjuksköterskan i detta eventuella samband? Teoretisk referensram för arbetet är Doris Carnevalis Dagligt liv ? Funktionellt hälsotillstånd ? modellen.

With background in the rapidly growing need to find solutions for sustainable energy production and the increasing interest for wind power, this report was written. With take-off point from the wind power plant Big Glenn, which has been built in the harbour of Gothenburg, a model of the adjacent power grid has been created in Simulink/SimPowerSystems. Parameters for the power grid and its components has been provided by Göteborg Energi Nät, that has also been the supplier of measurement data of produced power, the power need from loads in the vicinity, voltage levels, current values and also the variation of power factor at the wind power plant.The SimPowerSystems model has been used to perform simulations of power flow in the grid. These simulated values have then been compared to the measured values to verify the functionality of the model. Further, the model has been used to perform simulations of a grid fault, which causes a voltage drop.

Syftet med undersökningen är att genom en jämförande modellstudie ta fram ett eller flera sätt att nedkämpa en motståndare utrustad med tungt reaktivt pansar. Reaktivt pansar har tidigare endast använts för att hindra RSV-strålar att penetrera pansar. Men teknikutvecklingen har nu medfört att dagens reaktiva pansar utöver skydd mot RSV-strålar också klarar av att reducera pilprojektilens förmåga till penetration. Amerikanarna som tidigt upptäckte att Ryssland hade tillgång till tekniken började direkt utveckla ny ammunition för att möta detta. Men vad har vi gjort i Sverige, sen detta uppdagades? Kan vår Stridsvagn 122 fortfarande lösa sin huvuduppgift: att slå ut andra stridsvagnar?I studien gör författaren antagandet att spårljuspansarprojektil 95 inte får genomslag på en stridsvagn utrustad med tungt reaktivt pansar, typ Kontakt-5.

Kronisk exacerbativ uveit (ERU) är en av de vanligare ögonsjukdomarna hos häst och drabbar hästnäringen svårt. Det är idag accepterat att sjukdomen är immunologiskt medierad och syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att klargöra de immunologiska mekanismer som ligger bakom sjukdomsförloppet. Detta genom att utreda vad som inducerar uveit och hur återfall av uveit uppkommer samt de autoimmuna mekanismer som är aktiva vid sjukdomen. Grundbulten i ett friskt öga är dess upprätthållande av ett immunprivilegium då en inflammation skulle kunna förstöra strukturer som inte kan repareras igen. Om de barriärer som upprätthåller ögats immunstatus bryts tillåts immunförsvarceller nå ögats strukturer, något som observeras vid ERU.

Based on laboratory studies with lysimeters, the concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus(DRP) and particulate phosphorus, which is the main part of other P (OVRP), has been studied inpercolating water. The experiment was conducted through irrigation of small soil columnscontaining clay topsoil from an experimental field in Västergötland. Three rain simulations wereconsecutively performed. DRP concentrations in the percolating water ranged between 0.2 - 0.3mg·Lclearly related to the phosphorus concentration in the soil, measured in a soil extract ofammonium lactate (P-AL). Concentrations of OVRP were relatively low and ranged between0.12 and 0.16 mg·Lwas not proven and the experiment may reflect how a relatively slow percolation of water mayrelease DRP.

Nematode-transmitted plant viruses (such as nepoviruses) cause great economically losses in commercially important plants such as tomatoes, grapevines and raspberries all over the world. To avoid spread of the viruses the interest in mapping the viruses has increased. One of the important nepoviruses infecting European red raspberries (Rubus idaeus) is Tomato black ring virus (TBRV). TBRV has earlier been confirmed in raspberry samples from Belarus by ELISA and the aim of this bachelor degree project was to confirm these results by amplifying, cloning and sequencing the coat protein (CP) gene of the virus. In total eight viral cDNA samples, from two different raspberry samples, were amplified and sequenced.

Maize for silage has been used as fodder in different parts of the world for a long time and has recently become more common also in Sweden. Our cold climate has been a problem as maize is very sensitive to low temperatures and frost. With new varieties and better techniques for cultivation it is now possible to grow maize in the southern and middle parts of Sweden. As for the north of Sweden the length of the cultivation season is a limiting factor as there are too few days with temperatures of over +10 ºC. Maize is well suited for silage making but oxygen-free conditions are required.

The use of forage maize has increased over the last years. The aim of this litterateur review was to summarize a part of the research that has been conducted on forage maize for growing cattle, including cultivation and conservation of the maize. The forage maize is planted in April or the beginning of May when the temperature in the soil is between 6 and 10°C. Maize needs high temperatures and much water. Maize is harvested in the autumn when the dry matter (DM) is more then 30% or the plants have been exposed to the first frost in the autumn.

When exposed to them, isocyanates can induce serious injuries in the respiratory tract and irritation on the skin and in the eyes. They are therefore interesting from the point of view of occupational health. The purpose of this thesis was to collect isocyanates in air with impinger-filter samplers and solvent free samplers. Furthermore the isocyanates were to be analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The solvent free sampler consists of a polypropylene tube and filter holder fitted with glass fiber filters impregnated with derivatization reagent, coupled with a pump.

Kolorektal cancer (CRC) är en av de vanligaste cancersjukdomarna i världen med cirka 1 miljon nya detekterade fall per år. Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein1 (SATB1) är ett celltyp-specifikt kärnmatrix-associerat DNA-bindande protein, vilket utgörs av AT-rika DNA sekvenser. Det har tidigare demonstrerats att en annan medlem i SATB-familjen, SATB2, uttrycks på ett vävnadsspecifikt sätt i normal mukosa i nedre mag-tarmkanalen och i CRC. ?-catenin är en intracellulär mediator i Wnt/?-catenin signaleringsvägen, som spelar en viktig roll i kolorektal carcinogenes.

Horse owner?s knowledge about horse feeding and nutrition is directly linked to the horse?s health and welfare. According to several studies, both Swedish and foreign, horse owners generally have inadequate knowledge about horse feeding. The housing systems and feeding routines of today differs in many ways from what horses have adapted to through evolution. Wild horses live in harem herds and roam on large open fields, spending about 60 % of the day grazing, mainly grass and herbs.

Den senast utvecklade tekniken för riktade förändringar av genom in-vivo är baserad på CRISPR/Cas-systemet för vilket förutsättningarna i Nicotiana benthamiana och potatis, Solanum tuberosum, här undersöktes. För att föra in genkonstruktioner i växterna användes Agrobacterium tumefaciens som via vakuum kommer i kontakt med de inre delarna av bladen varefter de gener som finns på en binär vektor uttrycks transient. Först undersöktes de optimala parametrarna för erhållandet av ett högt transient uttryck med hjälp av ett grönt fluorescerande protein, GFP. Dessa parametrar användes sedan för att infiltrera en CRISPR/Cas-konstruktion som designats för att introducera mutationer genom att klyva ett exon i genen för granulbundet stärkelsesyntas, GBSS. Det visade sig under första delen av arbetet att det ej gick att erhålla transient uttryck i potatis med denna metod.

In this two years master's thesis a regional project, Futurum.kom, is studied through the experiences of eight librarians from two of the participating libraries. The interviewees have all attended local and regional seminars where questions about core values, target groups and the role of the public library were discussed, among others. The seminars resulted in a number of core values and target groups. During the project, a number of advertising campaigns are to be conducted. The first one of these had recently been implemented at the time of the present study. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the interviewees organizational self-perception in relation to the project.

Eutrophication of the Baltic Sea is a serious problem. A major contributing factor is diffuse losses of phosphorus (P) from agricultural land in surrounding countries. In order to estimate P losses, environmental monitoring of small agriculture-dominated catchments is being carried out in most of these countries. Evaluation of the risk of P leaching to waters is usually based on chemical tests originally developed to quantify the amount of soil P available for plant production. The tests are performed in different ways in the different countries and a number of different extraction agents are in use.

Background: There have been doping usage as far back as as ancient Greece and around the early 1900s started the doping we have today. In 2008 it was 22,000 men aged 15-54 years old who had any kind of experience with doping in Sweden. The problem of doping use are all over the world and to overcome this problem, we need to work across borders.Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is any connection between the use of supplements and attitude to doping. The study is based on the questions: is there any connection between the use of supplements and positive attitude to doping? is there any connection between the use of supplements/doping substances and high training frequency? and is there different use of supplement/doping substances between girls and boys?Method: A survey in form of a cross-sectional study and a waiting room survey was conducted with 63 respondents of whom 57,1% were women.