Animal-assisted therapy had its large breakthrough in the 1960-ties when a psychiatrist named Boris Levinson discovered the great advantages of involving animals in the treatment of patients. Therapy with animals involves that animals are used in a systematic way, in a person's process of treatment. The most distinguished companion animal used within this area is the dog, but horses, cats, rabbits, birds, dolphins and the most common farm animals are used in animal-assisted therapy. Most animals that are to be used for this specific purpose need to be trained in order to maintain their physical and mental health, but also to minimize the risks for the people that are involved. Most studies within this research area are focused on the positive effects on the patients and less on the effects on the animals.

The purpose of this study was to analyze how the key staff concept is used in residential care for children and young people and which role the key staff concept plays in the organization.The study was based on semi-structured qualitative interviews with six key staff and two managers from two different residential care facilities for children and young people. The theoretical perspective used was the neo-institutional theory and Hasenfeld´s term Human service organizations.One of the conclusions of the study was that the key staff describe that they have a central role when it comes to the treatment of the children. Another conclusion showed the variety of tasks that the key staff have, like the administrative work that they do. They also have an educational role, similar to the one that parents normally have which means that they are responsible of parenting the children. They also described themselves as a link between the children and their social network.

Parenteral nutrition inom palliativ vård kan vara både livsnödvändig och livsförlängande för vissa patienter, men värdet är ofta debatterat. Distriktssköterskan ansvarar för och har en central roll i den palliativa omvårdnaden av patienten i hemmet och rollen omfattar symtomlindring, samordning, information samt socialt och emotionellt stöd för patienten och dennes familj. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva distriktssköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter med parenteral nutrition i palliativ vård. Tolv distriktssköterskor från primärvården i norra Sverige deltog i studien. Data samlades in med semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserades med tematisk innehållsanalys.

Uppsatsen har sin utgångspunkt i det faktiska material som finns i tio valda tidningar gällande telegramnyheter. De valda tidningarna har analyserats genom syntetiska veckor i fem årgångar för att få fram en bild av hur förekomsten av telegramnyheter i svensk press såg ut under slutet av 1800-talet. För att se det statistiska material genom ett par teoretiska glasögon, analyseras resultatet genom Benedict Andersons teori om en föreställd, nationell gemenskap. Frågan är primärt hur förekomsten av telegramnyheter ser ut och på ett mindre, sekundärt plan om telegramnyheten bidrar till den svenska pressens stärkande av den nationella föreställningen? För att få en inblick i telegramnyheten inleds uppsatsen med en historisk kontextualiseringen, som ska vara till hjälp för läsaren att förstå bakgrunden till dess utveckling, både på ett internationellt, men dock främst, nationellt plan..

Swedish studies have shown that more people than expected have problems with leg ulcers and that the yearly cost for treatment per patient is approximately 26 500kr. Since the elderly population is on the rise, there is a need to highlight this growing problem, to make sure that proper assessment tools are used and to improve the standard of care given to patients with leg ulcers. The aim was to show what a difference the nurse can make to patients with leg ulcers. With all types of wounds it is imperative to establish if there is any underlying reasons since certain illnesses can cause more wounds or delay the healing process. The doctor is responsible for making the diagnosis and to prescribe the correct treatment whereas the nurse?s responsibility is for the nursing care and its documentation.

The alpaca is a camelid that originate from the South American highland. During recent years it?s been possible to keep alpacas in other parts of the world. Today there is a world-wide interest in alpacas, but there is still limited knowledge about this fascinating animal. There are approximately 350-400 alpacas in Sweden in 2007.

Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur LSS-handläggarna upplever arbetet med samordnade och/eller individuella planer i sina ärenden med personer beviljade insatser enligt 9§ LSS. Studien var kvalitativ och data samlades in genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Uppsatsens tre frågeställningar (rutiner och arbetsmetoder, syfte med planerna samt hur planerna fungerar som verktyg för kvalitetssäkring) har varit en röd tråd genom arbetet. Det framkommer i studien att inte alla kommuner har rutiner gällande erbjudande samt upprättande av planerna. Resultaten visade dock på att man upplever att planerna tjänar ett bra och tydligt syfte, om det är möjligt för den enskilde att tillgodogöra sig planen.

This article presents a retrospective case study combined with a review of the current literature concerning canine gestational diabetes. A total of 14 cases have been collected from six different clinics in Sweden. There are few previously published reports on canine gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes is a disease that rarely occurs in pregnant bitches. The condition is due to the rise of progesterone that occurs during the estrus cycle.

Wetlands are important ecosystems and form habitat for both common and threatened species. In Sweden, as well in many other places on earth, there is a lack of wetlands. There is an expressed will to adjust this lack through restoration of wetlands with reduced function and through construction of new wetlands. Follow-ups and evaluations are important steps to optimize these actions. The wetland Vattenparken was constructed 1999 ? 2000 for treatment of surface water.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor arbetar med preventiva åtgärder vid trycksårs uppkomst samt vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som ges till patienter som utvecklat trycksår. Vetenskapliga artiklar söktes i databaserna Medline via Pubmed och Cinahl med sökorden nursing, pressure ulcer, prevention, treatment, therapy, intervention. Endast artiklar från år 2003- mars 2008 användes i studien. Både kvantitativa och kvalitativa artiklar användes, dessa artiklar granskades utifrån två modifierade granskningsprotokoll. Resultatet påvisade variationer av dessa preventiva insatser som sjuksköterskor använde sig av.

The aim of this paper is to examine how the Swedish implementation of the new trafficking laws may differ from the original intention from the UN and EU and if they are substandard due to poorly conducted law implementation. Or if it might be a victim of political symbolism, to win support and votes for the politicians in power from the people, a ?hollow showpiece? only meant to be shown off. Trafficking is a relatively new phenomena and problem to be researched and discussed. This paper investigates the impact of the Palermo protocols international definition of the problem, the convention against organized crime presented by the European Union on the Swedish legal system and its action plan. A qualitative text analysis focusing on the discourse of the intentions behind the internationally presented legal documents and compared against the carrying out of said national objectives.

Sleep is a vital part of life. Even so a lot of the mechanics regarding sleep is unknown. The dairy cattle of today live a stressful life, as their high milk yields forces them to eat large amounts of feed and spend a great portion of the day ruminating. Do they have time to get enough sleep? Which factors affecting the need of sleep in dairy cattle are largely un-known.

This study is about relocated students in the school. Research in this area is limited and the aim is to illuminate the area by listening to different people's voices that have been close to or involved in relocations. The study was made of a qualitative method and the collection of data was through interviews. A total of eight people were included in the study. The selected municipality is located in Sweden.

The study investigates questions and considerations emerging when stone in historic buildings needs to be replaced. The focus is on the surface treatment of stone in sandstone façades in pre-industrial buildings. That means buildings constructed by traditional methods and craftsmanship without the use of modern technology.The research issue originates from the extensive stonework that is planned for the façades of the Stockholm Palace. The project includes the replacement of large quantities of damaged stone to newly cut stone. This raises the questions about the use of modern and rational methods for surface treatment on the replacement stone.

Pregnant workers are considered at risk in the labor market and therefore need extra protection from employment discrimination . The purpose of this essay is to investigate what protection of pregnant workers against discrimination in employment situations and  if  there  is  no  corresponding  protection  for  female  workers  claim  the  right  to parental leave.The essay describes the national and EU rules on applications and practice, showing how pregnant women and workers on parental leave are treated in the labor market. Through Sweden's accession to the EU , we must apply the requirements nationally EU imposes on its member countries.The essay shows that pregnant employees have a strong legal protection from discrimination in employment , from both DL and by EU directives . Employers who deny workers employment because of pregnancy is guilty of direct discrimination on grounds of sex, because it is only women who may become pregnant. It is not important whether it is a temporary or permanent position .