Hyperthyroidism has become the most commonly diagnosed endocrine disorder in cats. The recommended treatment of choice in the literature is administration of radioactive iodine. This treatment has been available at a few veterinary clinics in Sweden since 1999. Forty-six cats treated with a standard dose (80 MBq) of radioactive iodine (131I) at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in the period 2000-2004 were followed for a median of 13 months (range 3-42 months) by means of a retrospective cohort study design. Tables predicting time of survival after treatment were made. At final follow-up thirty-nine cats (85%) were euthyroid, six cats (13%) remained hyperthyroid and one cat (2%) was hypothyroid.

The aim of this study was to describe young women's experiences of midwives/ gynaecologists treatment in connection to gynaecological examination. A further aim was to achieve a better understanding of the factors that can form the basis of the experience of treatment. A qualitative study was performed in which the participants (N=10) was Swedish-speaking women aged 18-25 years, with experience of at least one gynaecological examination. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, using an interview guide. The material was analyzed according to Graneheim and Lundman´s (2004) method for qualitative content analysis.

The purpose of this essay is to explore the significance for former drug addicts who, during their treatment against drug abuse, have had a therapist with a drug addiction in his or her past. A qualitative case study has been used as method in which four former drug users have been interviewed. We have compiled the results based on five key themes in order to get a comprehensive picture of the relevance of common experiences regarding drug abuse, based on former addicts? experiences. This has been done in connection with a review of different theoretical perspectives that we have found relevant to the investigation. Our findings have then been compared with previous research in the field.

Bakgrund: Avancerad cancer avser cancersjukdom som har spridit sig och inte l?ngre ?r botbar, d?r v?rdens fokus huvudsakligen ?r inriktat p? symtomlindring och livskvalitet. Sm?rta ?r ett vanligt och komplext symtom vid avancerad cancer och utg?r en betydande del av patienters lidande. Sm?rta ?r en multidimensionell och subjektiv upplevelse som p?verkas av personliga erfarenheter, livssituation och relationer.

Bakgrund: Det beräknas att nästan var tredje person i Sverige kommer att få en cancerdiagnos i framtiden. Ungefär 40 % utav cancerfallen går inte att bota. Det finns en ökad förståelse för att den palliativa omvårdnaden är viktig för att fullända obotligt sjuka patienters välbefinnande. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva hur patienter med obotlig cancer upplever palliativ omvårdnad. Metod: Studien har genomförts som en allmän litteraturstudie.

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to investigate if treatment with ?dry needling? in myofascial triggerpoints (MTrPs) in the rotatorcuff muscles may affect impingement symptoms such as pain during provocative tests, shoulder mobility, and function. The research questions were: Does the value of pain change on the Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS) between before and after treatment? Do the positive provocative tests for impingement change between before and after treatment? Does the active shoulder mobility change between before and after treatment? Does the self-rated function change between before and after treatment?Method: The study was a prospective randomized intervention study and 19 persons with impingement symptoms (mean ± standard deviation; 58 ± 18 years, and shoulder pain duration 3.9 ± 1.6 months) were randomized into two groups. The groups were tested before, directly after and 3 weeks after treatment.

The aim of this paper is to study the long-term effects of stuttering treatment according to the Lidcombe Program in Sweden and to answer questions whether underlying factors may have affected the treatment results. Participants were seven children, one girl and six boys aged 7:10-14:2, who all completed Stage 1 of the program approximately 2-7 years ago.The children were video recorded during a conversation with one of the authors and while reading aloud. Before the recording, their parents estimated the level of stuttering according to a Severity Range (SR) Scale. The evaluations were used as reference for determining whether the recordings were representative for the children´s current speech fluency. Proportions of stuttered syllables (%SS) were calculated from the video recorded material and compared with the proportions of stuttered syllables (%SS) at the time when the first stage of the program was initiated.The results showed that the Lidcombe Program had a significant (z=-2.37, p=0.02) long term effect on stuttering treatment for the participants in this study.

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to describe various methods of treatment and effects of treatment of ADHD, and to investigate wheater there is an association between adults with ADHD and obesity. Method:  Literature review. Twelve quantitative scientific articles were found in the data bases PubMed, Cinahl and MedLine.  Result: ADHD is a cognitive impairment that can lead to serious complications such as obesity. Studies show that drug treatments of adults with ADHD have positive effects in terms of reduced symptoms, increased efficiency and improved quality of life, but drugs can also cause side effects in form of loss of appetite and insomnia. For adults with ADHD and obesity drugs that affect metabolism have a significant impact on patients ability to lose weight.

Cancerrehabilitering definieras som en process vars mål är att förebygga och minska följder av cancer och cancerbehandling samt utgå från patientens problematik. Flera studier har visat att rehabilitering kan minska cancer- och cancerbehandlingarnas biverkningar. Syftet med studien var att kartlägga arbetsterapeutiska interventioner relaterade till personer som lever med cancer. En litteraturstudie med data från elva studier som representerade både kvantitativ och kvalitativ forskning genomfördes. Resultatet visade att vardagliga aktiviteter är viktiga för att patienterna ska kunna skingra sina tankar men även för att öka sin känsla av att vara kunnig.

Bakgrund: Flera barn drabbas årligen av cancer. Många gånger har dessa barn ett syskonsom också kommer att påverkas av diagnosen. Cancer är en allvarlig sjukdom med ett långtoch ofta plågsamt förlopp. Barns utveckling är komplex och beroende av trygghet ochuppmärksamhet. När ett barns syskon får cancer kan tryggheten rubbas och uppmärksamhetenförsvinna från barnet.

The continuous process of urbanization results in demands on research and development for ecological and sustainable city development. Because of this, the current systems for wastewater treatment may have to be improved. In order to evaluate new technologies for municipal wastewater treatment, a development project has been initiated for the new district Hammarby Sjöstad in Stockholm. The project is lead by the company Stockholm Water. High environmental standards have been put up for the district, as it must be twice as good as an ordinary new district.

Information technology is increasingly used in healthcare. New methods, such as apps and computer programs and Internet-based treatments are introduced to treat various medical diagnoses. Increased demand for help in mental illness means that it is necessary to develop alternative assessment and treatments to traditional treatments that may be offered by primary care and specialist psychiatry. Government and Local Authorities and Regions (SKL) have agreed to support, and treatment on the web is part of that development. The work is all about, and how Child and Adolescent Psychiatry ( Bup ) , use psychological e- services, and apps for the treatment of adolescents and the types of psychological e-treatments for adolescents are available in Sweden today.  Methods used are interviews and literature studies, where I examined the use of computerized psychological treatments in Västernorrland and Stockholm County Council.

Clients with dual diagnosis have difficulties to recover and have a tendancy to fall between two stools. Among other things this is due to the fact that caregivers have different approaches, values and focus. The purpose of this study is to compare how clients, therapists and socialworkers look upon the aim of the treatment, its form, residential care, the conception of goalfulfillment and participation. In our study we have applied the theories of Aaron Antonovsky, Howard Becker and Erving Goffman. The paper consists mainly of qualitative interviews with clients, therapists and socialworkers.

Cancer är en av de sjukdomar som ökar mest för tillfället. En av orsakerna till ökningen är att medellivslängden blivit högre. Den ökade medellivslängden är något positivt i sig, men det innebär också att sjukdomen hinner drabba fler människor. Cancer är en sjukdom som påverkar många personer direkt eller indirekt och det är inte bara de som har cancer som är sjuka, utan hela familjen blir sjuk. Syftet med denna fallstudie var att belysa en persons upplevelse av att vara närstående till en svårt sjuk familjemedlem.

Problem: En problematik i sjukvården är att psykosociala problem sällan eller aldrig fångas upp av vårdpersonalen, att vara ung är en riskfaktor för att drabbas av psykosociala problem. Det är därför av vikt för sjuksköterskan att ha kunskap om den psykosociala påverkan som unga kvinnor med bröstcancer upplever. Syftet: var att belysa unga kvinnors upplevelser av sin bröstcancer ur ett kosocialt perspektiv, relaterat till omvårdnad.Metod: En litteraturstudie, där 14 kvalitativa och kvantitativa artiklar som svarade mot studiens syfte användes. Resultat och konklusion: Bröstcancern påverkade kvinnans relationer med de anhöriga både positivt och negativt. De kroppsliga förändringar som uppstod till följd av bröstcancern skapade funderingar kring reproduktion, sexualitet och femininitet. De unga kvinnorna upplevde brist  på anpassad information och anpassat stöd, de upplevde även att de förlorade sin identitet. Rädslan för att dö eller återinsjukna präglade kvinnornas liv.