Det hÀr arbetet Àr en litteraturstudie som behandlar alternativa sÀtt till kirurgisk kastrering av smÄgrisar. Obedövad kastrering av vÄra smÄgrisar Àr i lÀngden inte en hantering som Àr acceptabel ur djurvÀlfÀrdssynpunkt. Problemet Àr att hangrisen utvecklar tvÄ könshormonsliknande substanser, androstenon och skatol som binds in i fettvÀvnaden och ger ett lukt och smakfel pÄ köttet som kallas för ornelukt. Det Àr dÀrför grisen kastreras. Den metod som anvÀnds idag Àr en obedövad kastration.Vi har beaktat de alternativa metoderna och kartlagt vilka som kan fungera praktiskt och Àven studerat dem ur en etisk synvinkel.

The abrupt and early weaning of intensively kept lambs may have serious animal welfare implications, but relatively little is known about this. Weaning includes the breaking of the mother-young bond and abrupt replacement of milk by solid food, often coinciding with changes in the (social) environment. Altogether, these changes are likely to affect lamb welfare significantly. This study aimed to establish how strong and persistent lamb welfare is impaired following abrupt weaning by means of measuring behaviour parameters indicative of affective state. Also, we investigated the existence of a diurnal rhythm in play behaviour, which is considered an important indicator of positive affect and good welfare.

A great deal of the nature experience we get today is from travelling along our roads, which to a large extent go through the forest landscape. This makes the forest along our roads interesting to look at from a nature experience perspective. The main idea of this work is to increase the awareness of how we are affected by the forest when we travel through it and find out how the forest should be adapted to the road environment to create a pleasant nature experience as well as increase traffic safety. 0.9 % of Sweden's total forest area (equivalent to 200 000 hectares) is in close proximity to roads. Additionally, in Sweden 440 million hours are spent behind the wheel of which a great deal probably is spent on roads surrounded by forest in some form.

Urban trees have very little in common with trees on natural sites, such as forests or pastures. Trees in urban environments are often planted in packed soil and in small volumes. This can lead to decreased availability of water and oxygen, as well as deteriorated ability for the soil to store nutritional elements. Also above ground the tree usually have limited space in cities. Regulations on free height over roads and cycle tracks demands high stems at an early stage of their development.

My objective with the work, Travel Sketches, is to develop an approach to sketching as a landscape architect in connection with the field trip. Previous experiences and reference places are vital parts during the creation of new design proposals. It is by visiting and experiencing places that valuable knowledge is acquired. By sketching on site, with for example a pen and paper, a bank of reference objects will be established as well as an understanding of their practical success. Experiences and sketching are the basic tools of an architect.

Bakgrund: Globalt ses en ökad internationell migration dĂ€r Sverige varje Ă„r tar emottiotusentals asylsökande. De asylsökandes rĂ€ttigheter skyddas av internationelladeklarationer och konventioner om mĂ€nskliga rĂ€ttigheter, dĂ€r rĂ€tten till hĂ€lsa Ă€rcentral. ÄndĂ„ lider asylsökande av hög grad av ohĂ€lsa, mycket till följd av derasstatus som asylsökande och den utsatthet som det medför. Att dessutom vara gravidgör dem extra utsatta trots att de har rĂ€tt till mödrahĂ€lsovĂ„rd pĂ„ samma villkor somicke-asylsökande i Sverige, dĂ„ de inte har rĂ€tt till övrig sjukvĂ„rd. Barnmorskor inommödrahĂ€lsovĂ„rden arbetar för vĂ„rd pĂ„ lika villkor utifrĂ„n kompetensbeskrivningen ochden etiska koden, men utifrĂ„n lagstiftningens begrĂ€nsningar riskerar barnmorskornastĂ€llas inför professionsetiska dilemman i vĂ„rden av asylsökande gravida kvinnor.Syfte: Att förstĂ„ hur barnmorskor upplever det Ă€r att vĂ„rda asylsökande gravidakvinnor inom mödrahĂ€lsovĂ„rden i Sverige.

The aim with this thesis was to investigate what characterises an English Arts and Crafts garden how they could be modernised in Sweden. My research was limited to 20 weeks of full-time writing and worth 30 ECTS. Through literature studies, interviews and site visits I could analyse my findings which resulted in a concrete garden design project. The Arts and Crafts was a movement that started in England during the 1880?s and evolved as a reaction towards the industrialisation. The influence came from the writings and practices of John Ruskin (1819-1900) and William Morris (1834-1896) who advocated the importance of craftsmanship. The Arts and Crafts movement also became a ?recipe for life? and was associated with a healthy and morally pure way of living.