For a woman who has been diagnosed with breast cancer, there can be many negative things that effects her life. It is a great shock that changes her life and can include a sense of lost femininity and a decreased sexual desire which can be both physical and psychological. The basis of this literature review is from 17 scientific articles which evaluate the changes in cancer patient's body image and sexuality during their illness and treatment. This study illustrates patient's experience of the nursing and difficulties which obstructs the nurse from talking about sexuality whit the patient. The study also showed that the patient had a desire to discuss these sexuality issues with a nurse..

Introduction: Reversal of a temporary loop-ileostomy is the final step after a long treatment for rectalcancer, an event that the patient has been looking forward to for a long time. Studies have shown that patients often have a significant impact on the bowel function after reversal of the stoma.Aim: To describe how the patient experienced the first time at home after reversal of a temporary loop-ileostomy due to rectalcancer. Method: Qualitative semi-structured interviews, with 15-20 patients who have undergone reversal of a temporary loop-ileostomy due to rectal cancer, will be conducted. The interviewes will be analysed using qualitative content analysis according to Graneheim & Lundman (2004). The patients will be recruited from the colorectal unit at Sahlgrenska University hospital/Östra and from the surgical unit at Kungälvs hospital.

A method for intra vitam detection of bornaviral infection and diagnosis of bornaviral dis-ease in the cat is currently lacking. The aim of this work was to explore the possibility of using the proximity ligation assay (PLA), with its capacity of recognizing femtomolar con-centrations of a protein, as a method for detection of the minute quantities of antigen and antibodies that are present in the tissues and body fluids of a bornaviraly infected cat. For this purpose reliable comparative assays, in the form of an ELISA and an IFA, had to be established. When this proved impossible within the time frame of the project, the aim of the study had to be abandoned, further underscoring the need for improved means of detec-tion of bornaviral antibodies and antigen..

AimThe aim of this study is to examine the long term effects of e12 and how they have influenced the lifestyle and perceived awareness about nutrition and exercise in relation to factors from Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) that e12 took in consideration. The questions asked were; How has e12 affected the attitudes, skills, self-efficacy and knowledge relative to exercise? How has e12 influenced the individual?s habits of exercise? How has e12 affected the perceived awareness regarding the impact of nutrition and exercise on the body weight?MethodThe study is pursued by a qualitative method using semi structured interviews on six individuals between the ages of 16-18 years old that completed the project 4-5 years ago. A questionnaire regarding nutrition and exercise habits was also used as part of the study. All individuals from the year of interest were first contacted by the senior physician connected to the project.

This paper describes how radiation affects the body, the somatic and genetic effect that can occure in exposure of ionizing radiation and how to protect yourself against it. How radiation affects the cells and why you can get cancer if you get exposed of a large amount of radiation is mentioned. Research after a threshold is mentioned and what Sweden does today to improve the radiation protection by laws and regulations. Explaining the atom, what radiation is and how the ionizing radation interacts with the atom. How backscatter affect the picture and the workers and how to protect yourself from backscatter is mentioned. Radiation doses, dosimetry and rules for those who practise radiation is shortly described..

The horse has been domesticated for several thousand years. It has gone from being used primarily for food and transportation, to become one of the most popular pets in Sweden. With over 150,000 practitioners, horseback riding is one of the biggest sports in Sweden and there is a variety of specializations to choose from. One orientation is western riding which is a broad sport with several disciplines where most originate in cattle work and other ranch tasks. Western riding is a growing sport in Sweden with an increasing number of practitioners and with many different organizations and associations, it is important that the correct knowledge of the equipment used is disseminated. Artificial aids are available in a variety of designs and the most common variants used by western riders in Sweden is draw reins or some forms of martingale.

The colour choice of spiders and the effects of competition on this phenomenon were examined in the laboratory using the sit-and-wait predator goldenrod crab spider (Misumena vatia, (Thomisidae)). This species can  be both white and yellow (could also change colour)  and it was here examined whether individuals preferred to sit on flowers which has the same colouration as their bodies. I found that M.vatia showed preference for flowers that matched their own body colour, but when competition was introduced this preference disappear. It seems, however, that position is a factor that can influences the substrate decisions of M. vatia, where the edge of the flower is preferred..

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the 20m multistage shuttle run test (MST) for elite ice hockey players as a predictor of the maximal aerobic capacity and the how the result is affected by the players age, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, body composition and test surface. The purpose of this was to find out the potential of the 20-m shuttle run test as a measuringtool for the maximal aerobic capacity in frequent testing periods during the season. It is very interesting to be able to administer this easily because the competative phase of the season is very long compared to the pre-seasonal phase and earlier studies have shown that the aerobic capacity is being lowered during this competative phase of the season for elite icehockey players.Methods: 34 elite ice hockey players participated in this study (20.0±3.6 yrs, BMI 24.2±1.6 and VO2-max 58.0±4.8 ml O2?kg-1?min-1). During 3-5 days they underwent 2 MST tests (wood and rubber surface), treadmill running with VO2-max assessed with open-circuit technique, Wingate10% and FFM-assessment with underwater-technique.

Everything has changed, yet everything is the sameUsually, there is no reason for people to think about death or illness, although it is a highlynatural part of life. Most people live in health without major problems. When something does happen, people assume it will be at the end of their life and then it will be a natural part ofgrowing old. Yet some will get the notice or the feeling that something is not the way it should be, it can be something they can live with or they may have to face death.The work concerns the body?s fragility and feelings about human vulnerability.

Abstract:Objective: This study aimed at describing the health concept in the Swedish follow up programme for cerebral palsy (CPUP), with main focus on how aspects of participation is expressed in the agenda of the programme. Design: Document analysis: The home-page of CPUP was searched for three types of written material; references to the nature and aim of the programme, protocols used for data collection and abstracts from articles and reports on the list of publications. Within these all expressions of health, with bio-psycho-social understanding of the concept, were extracted and condensed with manifest content analysis. The meaning units obtained were linked to the International Classification of Function, Disability and Health ? Child/Youth (ICF-CY).

Dagens konsumenter efterfrågar i allt större utsträckning företagens engagemang gentemot miljö och samhälle. För vissa är Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR, ett krav för att konsumera en tjänst eller produkt. Verksamheter som arbetar med CSR kan stärka sina varumärken samt differentiera sig mot konkurrenterna i branschen. Syftet med denna studie är att ge en teoretisk belysning av hur våra valda fallföretag jobbar med det växande intresset kring CSR, samt identifiera vilka lärdomar som kan dras kring framgångsrikt varumärkesbyggande med utgångspunkt från CSR. Studien tillämpar kvalitativa forskningsmetoden med tre fallföretag som empiri. Inom CSR finns flera olika metoder för att analysera hur företag arbetar, samt huruvida de får med de olika delar som är viktiga komponenter för ett givande CSR- arbete. Olika forskning tar upp olika delar, men de flesta går att överföra på varandra, vilket visas i teorikapitlet. Genom att arbeta med dessa olika komponenter och tillämpa dem på företag, har sedan en analys av tre fallföretag gjorts.

IntroduktionÖvervikt och fetma är ett växande folkhälsoproblem i stora delar av världen, problemet kryper dessutom allt längre ner i åldrarna. Övervikt hos barn ger en betydligt ökad risk att som vuxen drabbas av tillstånd som diabetes, hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar, vissa cancersjukdomar samt en ökad risk att dö i förtid.SyfteSyftet med studien var att undersöka om det föreligger skillnader i kroppssammansättning, energiomsättning, substratutnyttjande och insulinkänslighet mellan könen hos barn med övervikt och fetma i åldrarna 10-13 år, samt om det fanns några skillnader inom könen utifrån kategorisering efter BMI för övervikt (25-29,9) respektive fetma (?30). MetodDatainsamlingen skedde genom inhämtning av resultat från mätningar av kroppssammansättning, energiomsättning, substratutnyttjande och insulinkänslighet utförda på ett universitetsjukhus i Mellansverige under åren 2008-2014. Resultatet hämtades från 26 flickor och 29 pojkar med övervikt och fetma i åldrarna 10-13 år. ResultatDet förelåg ingen signifikant skillnad avseende något av mätvärdena mellan könen. Det kunde dock ses en signifikant skillnad avseende insulinkänslighet mellan de med övervikt och fetma hos båda könen, hos pojkarna fanns det även en signifikant skillnad i energiomsättning (p=<0,05).

Bakgrund Forskning har visat att hur länge barn ammats, har betydelse för deras hälsa senare i livet. Även barnens sociala miljö har visat sig ha effekt på hälsan och barnens matvanor. Salut är en satsning av Västerbottens läns landsting med målet att förbättra länsbornas hälsa fram till 2030.Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka treåringars matvanor, Body Mass Index (BMI) och fysiska aktivitet i relation till amningsduration och familjekonstellation.Metod Studien genomfördes genom ett samarbete med Salut som utformade och delade ut en enkät via barnavårdscentraler till samtliga föräldrar vid treårskontrollen. Enkäten innehöll frågor om barnens fysiska och psykiska hälsa, samt livsstil och levnadsvanor och totalt beabetades 210 av enkäterna i denna studie, där 16 frågor valdes ut. Dessa analyserades sedan statistiskt i IBM SPSS 21.0 Statistics.

This paper deals with variations in the osteological material of dog (Canis familiaris L.) from the Mesolithic Scania, southern Sweden. The general aim is to discuss the use and specialisation of dog during the period, and differences or relations between cultures and traditions within the Mesolithic period. The study is based on a analysis of the bone material from the sites; Ageröd I:A-D, Ageröd I:H-C, Bredasten, Bökeberg III, Hög, Löddesborg, Ringsjöholm, Segebro, Sjöholmen, Skateholm I-II and Tågerup, phase 1-3, with datings from Late Maglemose Culture to Early Ertebølle Culture. The seminar paper also includes descriptive statistics of the osteometrical data of Denmark, from several studies of Degerbøhl (1927) and Noe-Nygaard (1995, 2003). The study is focused on the relation between size, robusticity, muscle grooves and ligaments of mandibula, tibia, radius, humerus, femur and metacarpalia/metatarsalia.

This master?s thesis discusses the term physical theatre from a discourse point of view. It also focuses on aspects of power from a field theory perspective. The main theory used is Pierre Bourdieu?s field theory, and I try to apply this onto critical discourse analysis, mainly taken from Michel Foucault.