Syftet var att studera elevernas uppfattningar inom Naturbruksprogrammets hästinriktning om sambandet mellan ryttarens kroppsfysik och ridningen. Följande frågor har ställts: ? Vilken betydelse ansåg eleverna att en god kroppsfysik hade för ridningen? ? Hur uppfattade eleverna olika pedagogiska metoders betydelse för ridningen? ? Hur uppfattade eleverna olika pedagogiska metoders betydelse för kroppsfysiken? ? Hade eleverna förstått att ridningen påverkades av deras fysiska hälsa? För att besvara frågeställningar har jag använt mig av en enkät. De elever som besvarade enkäten deltog i ett projekt, som genomfördes med hjälp av olika didaktiska metoder och övningar samt observationer. Projektets avsikt var att förbättra ryttarens kroppsfysik samt dess inverkan på hästen.

Background and purpose: Volleyball requires a lot of the human body, andeffective core stability is necessary for the athlete. Our muscles cooperate as achain of motions and core stabilization is the base for the moving muscles.The most well-known stabilization muscle is m.transversus abdominis (TrA).The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the function of TrA inSwedish female elite volleyball players and to observe the influence of eightweeks of stabilization exercise on the TrA. Method: 10 female elitevolleyball players (mean age 24,7 years, range 18-31 years) participated inthe study. TrA was measured in supine position with a pressure biofeedbackunit. Subjects were instructed to draw in the abdominal wall without movingthe pelvis and hold for 10 seconds.

Post-anaesthetic myopathy (PAM) is a serious occasional complication of general anaesthesia in horses. It causes not only pain and suffering to the horse, but also suffering (trauma) to the owner with increased veterinary costs. In the worst case PAM can be fatal. The anaesthetic nurse must know which parameters have to be taken into consideration in the prevention of PAM, to be able to prevent it, and use that knowledge for the animals safety. The aim of this literature review was to investigate and make a presentation of the factors and measurements associated with PAM, with focus on how to monitor these measurements to prevent it from happening, and the advice a Veterinary nurse can give to the horse owner regarding this condition. According to literature there a few factors that greatly increase the risk of PAM, these include- hypotension, periods less than 60 mmHg significantly increases the risk.

Laminitis is a debilitating disease causing much suffering to horses and ponies all over the world. It is manifested in the hooves as a mechanical failure of the suspensory apparatus between the hoof capsule and the distal phalanx. Due to the weight of the horse the disease may result in a dislocation of third phalanx. Six healthy standardbred trotters were used in this study on whether standardbreds tolerate forced recumbency as well as Shetland ponies. Recumbency was induced pharmacologically but maintained only by lowering the ceiling height of the box to a height of approximately 125 ? 140 % of the horse´s thoracic height.

The connection between rune stones and churches is a known phenomenon. Unfortunately, very little is known about the previous function of the church sites, and consequently very little is known about what the connection between rune stones and churches means. The purpose of this study is to examine the rune stones connected to churches in the administrative province of Jönköping, in an effort to ascertain their purpose, symbolism and function. The aim is to find out if the rune stones connected to churches were primarily or secondarily placed on the site where the church was later built, and why some rune stones were built into the churches. Further, the inscriptions and iconography of rune stones have been analysed, and also their relation to their immediate surroundings.

The purpose of this literature review was to describe the paths of exposure and accumulation of organic pollutants into the tissues of farm animals. Organic pollutants can be spread in the environment by air and rainwater. Farm animals can be exposed to these pollutants for example by eating soil or contaminated plants. Many of the pollutants can then accumulate in the fat tissues of the body because of their lipophilic character. Brominated flame retardants and perfluorolated compounds are both pollutants of current interest.

There is no consensus of the concept sexual health in the context of being HIV-positive women. Research in the area tends to focus in different measurable parts of sexual health for HIV-positive women. A meta-synthesis on that research issue can develop a deeper understanding and knowledge of how HIV-positive women in qualitative studies describe and experience sexual health. The purpose with this study is to analyze and synthesize the results about how HIV-positive women describe and experience sexual health. The meta-synthesis follows Noblit and Hare´s method of meta-ethnography and additional use of Walsh and Downe´s checklist to appraise qualitative articles.

Smoking is a health problem with a negative impact on virtually all body organs. Smoking can cause, for example, lung cancer, cancers in other organs and cardiovascular disease. There is also a social aspect of smoking. If individuals have many smokers in their environment, the risk to start smoking is increased, and for those who already smoke the chance of quitting will be less. Many municipalities today face smoke-free working to reduce smoking and passive smoking adverse effects.

Flertalet studier har påvisat ett samband mellan koncentrationen av partiklar ? 10µm i luftföroreningar och cardiovaskulär- och pulmonell morbiditet och mortalitet. Vid resektion, koagulering/bränning med diatermipenna under operationer alstras rök. Denna rök innehåller bland annat mutagena och carcinogena partiklar i inhalerbar storlek (partiklar ? 10µm).Ett första syfte med denna studie var att kvantifiera den mängd ultra-fina partiklar (UFP) och partiklar ? 10µm som operationspersonal exponeras för i operationsrummet, vid användande av diatermi med mobilt rökutsug.

The purpose of this work is to investigate how 4-5 year olds perceptions of materials and material properties can be developed through an educational activity. The study is based on two interviews with eight children in that age category. The interviews were conducted before and after an activity where the children were first introduced to the subject by the tale of The three little pigs (Harris, 2009) and then given the opportunity to explore various materials related to the book. The kids got to experiment and explore how water affected materials and to compare different materials properties. The children were also attracted to build and create the material that was offered during the activity.

Studien avser att studera effekterna av arbetsplatsförlagd fysisk träning 2 x 60 minuter/vecka i 7 veckor hos personer med stillasittande arbete påVO2max, rörlighet, uthållighetsstyrka och kroppssammansättning. Vi använder oss av en kvantitativ metod som består av datainsamling genom tester före och efter träningsperioden för både interventionsgruppen (n=25) och kontrollgruppen (n=11). Resultaten visar på signifikanta skillnader hos interventionsgruppen på variablerna VO2max (p=0), visceralt fett (p=0,001), fettmassa (p=0,001), vikt (p=0.006), Body Mass Index, BMI (p=0,005), uthållighetsstyrka enligt Sörensens isometriska uthållighetstest (SIU) (p=0) och Trunk Curl Static Endurance test (TCST) (p=0,045), rörlighet i halsrygg (p=0,010) och rörlighet i hamstringsmuskulatur via Sit and reach test (p=0).  Inga skillnader ses i blodtryck och, skelettmuskelmassa i armar, bål och ben. Inga signifikanta skillnader ses hos kontrollgruppen oavsett variabel. Slutsatser av studien är att man kan se effekter genom denna typ av intervention på flera olika variabler och förslag till framtida forskning är att försöka utesluta samverkan av andra faktorer för att ge en mer exakt bild av den fysiska träningens effekter på arbetsplatsförlagd träning..

Under det senaste årshundradet har de svenska skogarna genomgått en omfattande förvandling, från mer eller mindre naturligt dynamiska till hårt brukade skogar bestående av monokulturer av tall eller gran. Denna förändring har lett till en minskning av den biologiska mångfalden, att många arter som är beroende av skog har minskat radikalt och hotas av utrotning. Som ett försök att främja variation, biologisk mångfald i allmänhet och förhindra minskningen av rödlistade skogsarter introducerades i början av 90-talet en viss naturvårdshänsyn i brukade skogar. I den här studien utvärderas den påverkan som kalavverkning har och den betydelse hänsynsträd har på artsammansättningen och förekomsten av ektomykorrhizasvampar (EMF) under de första 20 åren efter kalavverkning. Studien utfördes genom extrahering och identifiering av svamp-DNA från jordprover tagna på kalavverkade ytor, nära hänsynsträd och i gammal skog i ett begränsat geografiskt område i norra Sverige.

Modern milk production have come a long way when it comes to accommodating the nutritional and physiological needs of the animals, but unfortunately the behavioural and psychological needs of cows and heifers are often left unfulfilled. A long time for eating is beneficial for the digestion and also gives the cattle something to do and decreases the risks for developing abnormal behaviours. An important factor that influences eating- and ruminating time is the particle size of the roughage. The aim of the study was to find out if particle size influences the behaviour of dairy heifers, in particular with regard to eating behaviour and abnormal behaviours. The study was conducted at Uddetorp farm high school in Skara. Forty-two heifers of the breeds SR and SF were housed in 8 slatted floor pens.

Through a discourse theoretical apparatus, this study examines Sweden's national curriculum, which is constructed for primary schools, pre-school class and leisure time classes. The study also examines the syllabus in physical education and the supplied comment material to the syllabus, the above mentioned material all valid from 1 July 2011. Using cultural researcher Marianne Winther Jørgensen's and communication researcher Louise Phillips interpretation of the political theorists Ernest Laclau and Chantal Mouffe's discourse theory, the study identifies several discourses in the new curriculums. The analysis shows that the curriculums writers construct their expectations through a rhetoric that is perceived as instructional and descriptive. The analysis identified eight discourses, woven into three "orders of discourse", the body, health and physical education.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att analysera om konsumenter i sina köpbeslut beaktar produkter framställda av företag som genomsyras av ett aktivt CSR arbete.Metod: För att besvara syftet har en kvantitativ metodansats använts genom en enkätstudie. Respondenternas svar möjliggör en generell överblick över konsumenternas köpbeteende samt forskningsområdet som studerats. Denna studie grundar sig på ett abduktivt förhållningssätt, där empiriska fakta såväl som teori styr forskningen.Resultat: Resultatet visar på att konsumenter anser det viktigt med kosmetikaprodukter framställda på ett etiskt och miljövänligt sätt men att det endast påverkar en del i köpbeslutsprocessen. Variabler som pris och kvalitet påverkar beslutsprocessen mer. Resultatet visar även att företaget The Body Shop som använts som studieobjekt och representant för värdestyrda företag i undersökningen ansågs vara det mest förtroendeingivande företaget gällande sitt CSR engagemang.