Det här arbetet undersöker om heuristik i en algoritm kan förbättra optimeringen av postdistributionsnätverk. Som optimeringsalgoritm används hill climbing och heuristiken appliceras på mutationsoperatorn. För att utvärdera mutationsoperatorn skapas en förenklad modell av ett postdistribueringsnätverk. Ett befintligt postdistribueringsnätverk används som utgångspunkt för den förenklade modellen för att snabbt kunna få en bra och realistisk modell. Resultaten av undersökningen indikerar på att den heuristiska mutationsoperatorn sänker tiden det tar att hitta en bra lösning jämfört med att använda en slumpmässig mutationsoperator..

The park at Svaneholm is a place, the history of which is very little known today and the needfor better knowledge has been the cause of this investigation. The essay is primarily limited tothe time from late 17th century up to the end of the 18th century and takes stand on profoundinvestigations in accessible map-and archive material. The results presented show a manorhill, which during the course of a hundred years was subject to several changes and in bigparts consisted in other than park/garden.Burman related to the manor hill containing a cowshed, a large dam and a parterre garden isix quarters and it is plausible to think, that this establishment generally was built as producedon the plate.In the 18th century the construction is being changed, they go on building at the cowshed andin 1707 there are totally 268 livestock on the farm. In 1723 the garden is represented in amuch bigger scale than on the plate from the 1680:s, but it is not possible to tell, whether it isnew or not.Parts of the parterre garden is remaining during the whole of the 18th century, for the leastuntil it is being squared, but on two of the squares there was built a riding-groundMoreover the cowshed burnt down and was only partially reconstructed.The image given by the archive material is at the same time variegated. The inventory list ongarden tools from 1726 gives an image of gardening more directed to growing and pathshuffling, while the possibilities of keeping the parterres were fewer (e.g.

The ancient site of Skårby, situated about twenty kilometres south of Stockholm, includes one very large cairn enclosured by a stone wall with a small cairn attached to it. Cairns are originally thought of as graves, but resent research shows that they are more likely to have been religious objects. The constructions are seated on a small hill with a view over the lake Bornsjön which used to be a bay of the lake Mälaren. This place has been the object of worship throughout the whole Bronze Age. Over the years the manifestation of the worship changed, but the place for it stayed the same..

This study is part of an international project, The Third Wave Project. The project aims to conductstudies with students of different cultures to see what they value as important in mathematics andmathematics learning. Part of the project involves carrying out a survey, the WIFI study. The WiFistudyaims to examine values of mathematics teaching that may affect student learning. The valuesthat are examined in this study are based on the mathematical values which are described by Bishop(1991).

Den 26 maj 1982 påbörjas anfallet mot samhällena Darwin och Goose Green. Anfallande styrka är brittiska, 2 Paras, på plats och försvarsgrupperade är Taskforce Mercedes. Britterna vinner slutligen över en numerärt överlägsen och försvarsgrupperad argentinsk styrka. Hur kommer det sig att detta kan ske? Jag kommer, för att kunna besvara mina frågeställningar, i det här självständiga arbetet att med utgång i de grundläggande förmågorna, ledning, verkan, skydd, rörlighet, uthållighet och und/info, analysera slaget.

Syfte: Målet med detta projekt var att implementera musklerna på de nedre extremiteterna, i den fullskaliga,virtuella humanmodellen (THUMS) i finita element-programmet LS-Dyna. Modellen ska kunna användas isimuleringar av pre-crash scenarior varför musklerna ska vara aktiva och generera krafter mycket nära verkligheten.Metod: Projektet fokuserade på de musklerna som styr flexion och extensionsrörelserna i knä- och höftleden.Musklerna modellerades som endimensionella Hill-element som syftar till att vara en god approximation avhur muskler fungerar. Varje muskel modellerades som minst ett Hill-element där muskler med större utbredningdelades upp i flera element för att förbättra approximationen med endimensionella element. För att fåalla muskler att dra åt rätt håll modifierades knä- och höftled. Muskeldata för hur mycket kraft musklernagenererar erhölls genom att skriva ett program i MATLAB som genererade kurvor för hur kraften varierarberoende på längd och hastighet (s.k.

This thesis examines the regional part of the Church of Sweden. Existing as a Lutheran evangelical church since the declaration in Uppsala in 1593, the Church of Sweden became completely separate from the state in the year 2000. Apart from a small piece of legislation by the Swedish parliament, the now former state controlled church were to act on their own. This development can be seen as a result of several decades of discussions. The author is raising the question about the roll and function of bishops and dioceses in the Church of Sweden.

The aim of the present study was to examine students' text comprehension in grades 4 and 6. Participants were 61 students without documented or suspected reading and writing difficulties, in grades 4 and 6. The focus was on texts designed by Bishop and Adams (1992), containing two types of questions: literal and inference questions, and three different ways of presenting the text; listening, silent reading and silent reading with the text available when responding to the questions. The texts have been previously used in research and as a tool for clinical, qualitative estimate of reading comprehension in speech and language pathologists? assessments.

In the old university of Turku there were written about 4 400 theses. About 1100 of them havefound their way to Linköping in Sweden. This paper describes these theses, new variants whichwere found and some characteristics of their provenance. They are compared with the largebibliography over theses from Turku by Vallinkoski. A couple of theses with completeinformation which have not been available since 1827 were found.

This thesis concerns the Gotlandic hill-forts (sw. fornborg) situated on a cliff or in an elevated position and which traditionally have been referred to as cliff-forts (sw. klintborg/höjdborg). The study derives from the notion that these monuments, diverse in size and shape, by archaeologists have been viewed and treated as a homogeneous category of ancient remains. The author?s key aim is to challenge this perception by identifying various subcategories from the 28 cliff-forts on the island.Ever since the archaeological discipline initiated the study of cliff-forts in the late 1800s and more or less to present day, the interpretations have been almost solely dominated by explanations of the military and defendable nature of them.

The purpose of this paper is to explore to what extent some Swedish bishops (1972-2014), mainly archbishops, were influenced by postmodernity as described by Lyotard in his report La Condition postmoderne (1979).This report had a tremendous impact on the western cultural and philosophical debate in general during the very end of the twentieth century. I am trying to find out if this impact could also be observed in the religious sphere and particularly in the Church of Sweden. My theory used, is mainly based on the ideas presented in La Condition postmoderne and my method is a hermeneutical reading of eight pastoral letters. These letters were written during the time that the Church of Sweden transformed from being an officially recognized national church to a free church among other free churches and in this respect ended to be a part of the official governmental power. The terms postmodernism or post-modernity were scarcely used at all in the pastoral letters but on the other hand the bishops seemed to share many of the ideas that Lyotard presented, such as the view on the metahistory/metanarrative and the connection of knowledge to power, the necessity of dialogue and openness and the importance and the role of creating and maintaining language games..

I min jämförelse mellan forskarna Emil Herlenius och Cecilia Wejryd har jag undersökt i huvudsak tre delar, Erik Jansson som ledare, syndfrihetsläran samt Janssons relation till erikjansarna, och då i synnerhet till de kvinnliga anhängarna. Det som skiljer sig väsentligt mellan de två forskarna är deras syn på vilka anhängarna var. Wejryds hushållsdimension ger en helt ny insikt och förståelse för Janssons relationer, i huvudsak till de kvinnliga anhängarna. I Janssons budskap och förkunnelse och då i huvudsak syndfrihetsläran som jag studerat skiljer sig inte forskarna åt, åtminstone inte vad gäller innehållet i läran.Däremot ser forskarna olika på hur och när dessa idéer växte fram hos Jansson. Herlenius menar att Jansson i tidiga år ifrågasatte och tog avstånd ifrån uppbyggelselitteraturen och att hans egen kristendomstolkning med syndfrihetsläran var utvecklad redan före den första Hälsingeresan i januari 1843.

Previous research has established coaches' important role in developing elite athletes (Durand, Bush, Thomson & Salmela 1996). Athlete enhancement and assisting athletes achieve ?peak performance? has been a major objective for elite coaches as well as sports scientists (Williams & Kendall, 2007) Despite this common goal, research also question whether sports scientists and the research they pursue really effects coaches knowledge and constitute a foundation for today and tomorrows athletic performances (Bishop 2008).  This study examined elite coaches? needs and use of sport science research as well as the interaction between elite coaches and sport scientists. Following interviews of ten elite coaches, content analysis revealed that sport science is both a formal and informal resource of knowledge for coaches. Development of athletes is seen as the main objective of research retrieval and personal and/or direct contact with the sport scientist is considered to be the best way to assemble.

Syfte Syftet med arbetet var att beskriva och analysera ett barn med språkstörning utifrån de olika verksamheter barnet ingått i. Vi valde att lägga tyngdpunkten på nuvarande och framtida skolsituation. Metod Vi utformade arbetet som en fallbeskrivning. Undersökningen utgjordes dels av intervjuer, varav djupintervjun med barnets mamma låg till grund för själva arbetet, och dels av granskning av befintlig dokumentation. Vi genomförde totalt åtta intervjuer samt granskade dokumentation från det att barnet var 18 månader och framåt.

Uppsatsen behandlar en studie av datorspelet Brothers in Arms: Road to Hill 30. Ett spel som bygger på Stephen E. Ambroses bok Band of Brothers. Spelet jämförs med boken för att hitta eventuella skillnader. Som förklaring på dessa skillnader används Cecilia Trenters tes rörande populärkultur med historiskt tema.