In the school subject of the natural sciences it is imperative that the students are given opportunities to ?talk science?, since the dialogues that occur in the classroom have a significant importance for the students? abilities to engage in meaning-making in their learning process. Hence, the student and teacher interaction in the classroom and the feedback given there play a significant role in the students? learning process. The aim of this study is to contribute to the development of formative assessment tools that can mediate the students? meaning-making in natural sciences subjects in upper-secondary school.

The consumption levels in Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Norway have been rising fo r the last decade. Even after the financial crisis of 2008, consumption levels continued their upward trend, regardless of the recession. The explanation seems to be, at least partly, that households tends to increase their debt ratio in order to continue the same standard of living as before in terms of consumption. It is clear, based of our results, that there is a connection between increased consumption and debt ratio for households. And the consequences of allowing loans to finance a sustained or increasing consumption may ultimately be difficult to manage.

Too much attention has been given to mainstream approaches in performance management and management accounting research, without taking in to account changes in the environment with the rapid growth of online retailing. This paper evaluates how and/or if performance management differs in online contexts by using a conceptual model developed by Ferreira et al (2009). The model and its components are tested on three multichannel- and six e-commerce businesses. The result and its analysis is commented on by two e - commerce experts. The result shows that the operation method of the models twelve components do not differ in terms of work methods in online and offline contexts.

In this essay we aim at finding an appropriate flash estimator of the quarterly Swedish private consumption (PK). With the aid of the statistics program TRAMO we study if monthly data from the consumer survey (HIP) and retail industry (DH) can be used in a transfer function model (TFM) to forecast PK. In the work of assessing the state of the market and the business trend, fast information from the national accounts is needed for making decisions for the economic politics in Sweden. A way to speed up the information process is to use leading economic indicators to asses this development. Another way to get information faster is to use a flash estimate.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur pedagoger förhåller sig till konflikter mellan elever och vilka modeller de använder sig av för att förebygga och lösa konflikter. Som bakgrund till studien har vi genomfört en litteraturstudie som behandlar ämnet konflikt och orsaker till varför de uppstår. Det är viktigt att som lärare ha grundläggande kunskaper inom konflikter och konfliktlösning, eftersom de dagligen uppstår tvister i skolan. Den undersökningsmetod vi använt oss av består av kvalitativa intervjuer. Vi intervjuade sju pedagoger på två olika grundskolor i mellersta Sverige.

Syftet med examensarbetet är att hjälpa ett företag med att införa standardlittera för deras prefabricerade betongelement som ingår i deras Konceptet. Införandet av standardlittera ska resultera till att återfinna och gruppera deras betongelement i CAD-systemen. We did our thesis project at one of the most prestigious Swedish construction companies. We have examined the possibilities of doing sandwich elements to standard elements which would increase the degree of industrialization. The company has developed a concept that is based on a more refined process of industrialization.

This thesis concerns the subject of social media in the internal communication, how it can function to improve the communication among the coworkers. Good Old has been the web agency of our case study, through them we have gained understanding of the phenomenon. Media and communication theories and interviews have given us the foundation of the thesis.Our conclusion shows that it is beneficial to use social media internally in the type of company that Good Old is. Furthermore, the result shows that it can improve the communication, increase organizational learning and unity among coworkers. Finally social media can make organizations more effective..

The use of CAD, within the building industry came strongly, during the 1980?s and the 1990?s. The development has since then rapidly progressed and the using of 3D-models has in addition increased. We are now at the edge of next step of evolution. BIM, Building Information Model(ing), is here.

The objective of this work was to compare the environmentally gentle soil scarification technique Huminmix (with possibilities to do track-grinding/HMMspår, long-scraping/HMMlångfläck and mounding/HMMhög) with conventional disc trencher, concerning seedling establishment and growth of direct seeded and planted Scots pine seedlings. Inventories were made during June and July 2005, in 34 seeded and 6 planted stands from 2000 ? 2004 (1- 5 years old) of lichen- and myrtillus/vaccinum-type in Holmen Skog AB´s district Norsjö in Västerbotten. The Huminmix-technique had been used for HMMspår in the seeded stands and for HMMhög in the planted stands (HMMlångfläck has been used from the year 2006 for direct seeding). The studied stands had been seeded with the same amount of seeds according to stand data.

This study investigates communication and data in information systems. The paper deals, more specificly, with communication in a CRM-system implemented in a Swedish-founded company in Beijing, China. It discusses cultural, political, linguistic and gender based dilemmas that can arise from the use of a CRM-system in an international and bilingual environment. Fifty-nine interviews were conducted in Sweden and in China, either in Swedish or English. The result of this study shows that communication in the information system is affected by factors, that are not originated in technical shortcomings of the system, but rather from cultural, political, linguistic and gender based pre-knowledge among individuals.

?Stödbricka för muffinsformar? är ett examensarbete som självständigt utförts av Sara Glanander och Rebecka Westerlund under vårterminen 2011. Det har genomförts vid Karlstads universitet, fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap under innovations- och designingenjörsprogrammet.Siluett of Sweden AB i Kristinehamn är uppdragsgivaren för projektet och kontaktperson samt handledare på företaget är Bernt Rådberg, försäljnings- och marknadschef. Handledare av projektet vid Karlstads universitet är Monica Jakobsson, universitetsadjunkt och programledare för innovations- och designingenjörsprogrammet. Examinator är Fredrik Thuvander, universitetslektor och professor på Karlstads universitet.Siluett, som tillverkar bakformar och andra kartong- och pappersbaserade produkter för bageri- och konditorinäringen, har lagt märke till en ökad efterfrågan av monterade mönstertryckta formar hos sina kunder.

The governing set of regulations for structural engineering in Sweden used to be Boverket, BKR. However in the beginning of the 21st century a changeover to new regulations, the Eurocodes, started.The transition was completed in year 2011 when the Eurocodes became the mandatory design work policy for all countries within the European Union. The Eurocodes were implemented to simplify and remove potential barriers to trade that may exist when countries have different design rules.  Since the changeover it has been important for all construction companies to update their knowledge base and their design software.When comparing the two calculation processes they seem similar, but there are a couple of differences worth noting.  With the new regulations, engineers will find that the process when designing joints in timber structures has changed.  What used to be a fairly easy and straight forward calculation procedure has now become tedious and time consuming.The objective of this degree project is to present a product, a dimensioning tool that will help structural engineers when computing lateral load carrying joints in timber structures.The degree project is made up of two parts where the first part is the written report describing the background and theory behind load carrying computations. The second part of the project is the actual dimensioning tool which includes several worksheets in Microsoft Excel. The program treats single and double shear connections of the following:Nail jointsScrew jointsSteel plates (thick and thin types) The user can edit the following parameters:Type of plate/ number of shearsStrength class of timber membersMember and plate sizeType of fastenerDiameter of fastenerLength of fastenerYield moment of fastenerkmod and partial factors for design load carrying capacityThe dimensioning tool was created and developed in collaboration with structural engineers at the company Byggteknik AB.

Syfte: Syftet med denna ?versiktsartikel ?r att unders?ka det vetenskapliga underlaget kring om ett intag av saffran kan f?rb?ttra HbA1c eller fasteglukos hos vuxna personer ? 18 ?r diagnostiserade med Diabetes Mellitus typ 2, j?mf?rt med placebo. Metod: Litteraturs?kningen genomf?rdes i databaserna PubMed och Scopus. S?kningen gjordes den 240323 och innfattade ord som "saffron?,? crocus?, "diabetes mellitus, type 2" och ?random*?. Artikelselektionen utf?rdes systematiskt med hj?lp av en avgr?nsad fr?gest?llning samt inklusions- och exklusionkriterier, d?r inklusionskriterier var RCT-studier, gjorda p? vuxna personer diagnosticerade med Diabetes Mellitus typ 2 d?r interventionen skulle f? supplementering av saffran, och kontrollen skulle f? placebo.

Bergslagets museum is one of the oldest industrial museums in Sweden. It opened in 1922 in Falun, by the big mining company Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Aktiebolag. This is a study of why a company would be interested in running a museum, why Bergslagets museum opened and who the people were that created it.Several persons were involved in collecting and organizing the models of old machinery, letters, paintings, pictures that was to become the Bergslagets museum. This paper shows different motives behind the opening of an industrial museum in Falun and gives a presentation of its superintendants, Carl Sahlin, Alvar Silow, Erik Johan Ljungberg and Olof Söderberg. All of them were central in the creating of the Bergslagets museum, today known as Gruvmuseet i Falun..

This thesis aims to examine the phenomenon of gambling and consequences that may result from having a gambling problem. The thesis also intends to investigate opportunities for support and a few explanatory- and treatment models. Games are taking on new shapes and access to gambling for money is on the rise. Studies on gambling have primarily been focusing on epidemiological factors rather than factors increasing or decreasing the risk of developing gambling-related problems. The empirical material is based on eight qualitative semi-structured interviews.