This thesis explores how the concept of ?legal corruption? manifests itself within the European Investment Bank with a modern approach to the theoretical understanding of anticorruption efforts. This approach conceptualises the idea of complementing theories based on contextual applicability rather than focusing on their competing qualities. The European Investment Bank (EIB), as the world?s largest multilateral lender, is an underexplored yet vital organ of the European Union, which has recently faced criticism for its alleged lack of transparency and dubious application of policy.

Since 1 January 2010 it is a requirement to use the European standards, Eurocodes, in Sweden when constructing bridges. One chapter that has caused an extra amount of problems for the engineers is the one about fatigue analysis, which resulted in us doing this thesis.To do this we had to read all of the Eurocodes that direct, or indirect deals with fatigue and calculating of such. We have read the background documents for the Eurocodes and master?s thesis in the subject. We also studied the calculations of bridges constructed by different construction firms.We have chosen to limit the thesis to discuss only road bridges made of concrete due to the lack of method for verification of concrete in the national appendix.

This paper is about Soren Aabye Kierkegaards (1813-1855) philosophy regarding the relation between the aesthetic and the ethic stage. The result of the essay is a modification of the aesthetic problem. The suggestion is to convert part of Kierkegaard?s metaphysical claims into an epistemic approach. An epistemic approach means to hold a position of well grounded stipulative beliefs.

The European Union's work on equal opportunities for women and men can be described historically in three eras; equal treatment, positive action and, most recently, the gender perspective. In accordance with the latter, gender mainstreaming is the latest method in dealing with these issues. Its aim is the implementation of the gender perspective in all policy processes and to challenge the male norm that permeates all decision making. EU:s work on equal opportunities, though, persists not only of gender mainstreaming but has a double approach also including special actions.This thesis bases its argumentation on discourse analysis of communications from the Commission regarding employment and social affairs. It argues that the two components of the double approach; gender mainstreaming and special actions, are incompatible and even becomes contra productive put together.

As Sweden has become a multicultural society the need for developing new educational approaches rises. The preschool is a crucial piece in this as it is the one of the first institutions where the children start to develop the language skills. The aim of this study is to investigate the language development approach as practiced by teachers, in their preschool programs, and determine if the teachers work methods can be considered intercultural. This is done to gain a deep understanding on several language development methods and analyze the teachers' approach within the framework of intercultural pedagogy perspective. The theoretical framework used in the study is the intercultural perspective.

This thesis examines the legal boundaries of third-party use of trademarks in the European customized clothing market. The purpose is to determine under what circumstances third parties may legally modify and sell trademarked apparel without infringing on trademark rights. The study employs a legal dogmatic method, analyzing EU trademark law, case law, and legal doctrine to clarify the scope of exclusive rights and their limitations. By analyzing key EU case law, the study further illustrates how the legal framework has been interpreted and applied in cases concerning third-party trademark use. Given the increasing demand for customized fashion and the rise of new business models in the clothing industry, this topic holds significant legal and economic relevance. Additionally, Schumpeter?s theory of creative destruction provides a theoretical perspective on how trademark restrictions impact innovation and market competition.

Vårt syfte var att studera begreppet interkulturellt förhållningssätt och undersöka hur det uppfattas av olika aktörer i förskoleverksamheten i den mångkulturella Stockholmsförorten Vantör. Vi har utgått från ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv, och utifrån detta tittat på fyra olika delar som vi anser vara viktiga för ett interkulturellt förhållningssätt. De fyra vi valt att titta på är, fysisk och psykisk miljö, språk, barns identitet och föräldrar. Vi har även gjort en kvalitativ undersökning, där vi har intervjuat människor med olika roller i förskoleverksamheten i Vantör. Vi ville höra deras tolkning av begreppet interkulturellt förhållningssätt, och vad de ansåg var viktigt för att få detta att fungera.

The aim of this master thesis has been to investigate discussions about public access to Internet in public libraries. Areas of interest were the debate in Sweden as well as in the United States. The approach was qualitative and questionnaires were distributed by e-mail to a number of Swedish public libraries. The results from the survey were then supplemented with a theoretical background and a literature study. The usable questionnaires obtained from 20 libraries showed a rather uniform approach among the Swedish librarians of how the Internet is best provided by public libraries.

The specific task of this thesis is to illustrate the complexity of a cooperation between civilian and military entities by examining Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs) and their role as an actor among others in the field in a war-torn Afghanistan.By using counterinsurgency strategy as an analytical framework it has been possible to examine the civilian and military contexts closer. Underlying structures concerning the norms and interpretation of reality of the PRTs has been partly revealed. Studies of the PRTs as one significant bearers of "the comprehensive approach", which includes a holistic approach regarding the use of civilian and military capabilities, new conclusions can be drawn on whether a general civil-military approach can be a part of the solution for current and future conflicts. Based on the counterinsurgency strategy, the author has identified three themes as bearing and thus appears through the thesis as a foundation. These are Coordination, Development and Security.

The overarching aim of this paper is to study the professional encounter in its complexity. The requirements for receiving welfare is set by the professional and it's the professionals decision if they are met in the proper manner. This makes the assessment of the clients conditions and the correctness of the assessment hence important. There are several levels which is necessary for the social worker to take into consideration.We have therefore made a socio-analysis by using a theoretical model of Johansson (2006) where he uses the Social Psychology of the encounter to create a model with four levels, which is always present in the professional encounter: structural, positional, relational, and experience level.  Our base was that the one responsible for handling these levels was the professional which led us to search for literature concerning the professional approach.Our study is formed as a qualitative case-study. Our empirical data consist of qualitative interviews with four social workers handling social allowance.The results shows that the complexity of the professional encounter requires a professional approach.

The Swedish Public Relation industry has gone through a rapid growth in the recent decade. A peculiar, although perhaps not unexpected, development is that former politicians and politically employed individuals to a larger extent have been the subject of recruitment effort from the industry. Simultaneously there has been a public debate concerning the influence on Public Relations and Lobbying over the political agenda. The purpose of this thesis is to widen and deepen the discussion concerning Public Relations consultants. It centers on the individual consultants and takes their competence as the point of departure.

The purpose of this study is tounderstand the approach that the staff who works in the aftercare for juvenileoffenders have to the organizational structure in the organization they workin. SiS is the authority which is taking care of the juvenile offenders if theybeen sentence to closed youth institutional care, when they are done it is thesocial service were the adolescent live which is responsible for the aftercare.This is decided by the law since 1999, if a young person between 15 and 17commit a serious crime, they can be sentenced to closed youth institutionalcare. The interest for this study was the aftercare and what possibleparticipant was involved in the aftercare for this young people. By looking upearlier research in the area and doing six different interviews with bothsocial workers, staff on the SiS-institution and an organization for ex convictthe purpose was examines. To analyze the interviews the theory called newinstitutionalism was used.

Traditionally risk-based measures have been used to assess animal welfare in legislation and certification schemes. With increased knowledge and research, debate today tends to focus on and advocate the use of animal-based measures. However this is not a panacea for welfare and the most sound conclusion should be that assessment of animal welfare needs both. The aim of this thesis is to identify the points that need to be taken into consideration to find the optimal balance in the use of input and outcome measures according to the aim of the assessment and how these should be applied when designing a certification scheme? To answer this, a comparison of the use of resource-based, management-based and animal-based measures in two certification schemes for dairy cow welfare, Freedom Food (UK) and Svenskt Sigill (SWE), was made.

At vaere både sangskriver/komponist og udövende musiker med sin egen musik i fokus kraever en del reflektion. Disse roller er af meget forskellige karakter og kan kraeve både en evne til at lytte indad til at kunne håndtere den sårbarhed, det medförer at stå frem og spille sin personlige musik for andre. Det kan vaere en udfordring ate finde den fine balance, hvor de personlige "historier" fortaelles med en stor grad af autencitet, samtidig med, at de skal vaere vedkommende for andre end én selv..

Unaccompanied children that arrives in Sweden are usually placed in homes for care and residence, called HVB. It is the municipality's responsibility to provide adequate care and protection for the children. The aim of the study is to examine how a workgroup on a HVB home for unaccompanied children is working to meet the needs of the children, and how the workgroup improves the children?s integration process. The study also aims to examine the emotional labour of the workgroup, which illustrates how they can manage their own emotional behavior when working with the unaccompanied children.The study is based on a qualitative approach with detailed descriptions of five semi-structured interviews with the workgroup and assistant managers.