Introduction: Palliative care is based on an active total care where the patient's independence and participation are included. Few studies have been based on a concept of freedom in relation to this target group.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the perception the nurse has about "freedom" - its significance and meaning from an existential perspective for patients with palliative care needs.Method: A qualitative content analysis based on a narrated and written down text from focus groups with adequate examples. The starting point in the focus groups was to focus on existential issues in relation to patients near death. Based on the concept of freedom, has the printouts been analyzed, categorized and codedFindings: Nature, identity, integrity and self-esteem are important aspects for our approach to freedom but freedom is also about existential questions where hope, reconciliation, freedom and forgiveness are included.Discussion: Discussion: We all have our own definitions and meanings of freedom. The largest and perhaps most important fullest freedom is our inner freedom - our own existential freedom.

Sammanfattning Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa patienters syn på sin omvårdnad avseende integritet och värdighet vid sjukhusvistelse. Designen var en deskriptiv litteraturstudie och artiklar hämtades från databaserna Academic Search Elite, Cinahl och Medline via PubMed.Resultatet i denna studie visar att omgivning och arkitektoniska miljöer är framtonande orsaker till patienters negativa upplevelser i vården. Kommunikativa svårigheter och utebliven information om medicinska åtgärder och undersökningar, tillsammans med personalens bemötande och beteende, gör att patienters integritet och värdighet åsidosätts. Vårdtagarna vill känna delaktighet i sin vård och få information om sin situation vilket stärker känslan av att de behandlas med respekt från vårdpersonalens sida. Etiska kränkningar av patienters integritet och värdighet, under sjukhusvistelse, är i stort beroende av vårdpersonalens agerande vid vårdsituationer där patienter blottas eller utsätts för undersökningar utan tillräckligt skydd runt patienten.

Social control in different forms has existed in all known societies. This control has taken different shapes and expressions. In older smaller communities there was a collective control among the citizens. In modern societies the state is trying to control the lives of the citizens. These control mechanisms can be seen as both freedom-reducing and freedom inducing depending on which concept of freedom one upholds.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva patienters erfarenheter av hur den personligaintegriteten respekteras i olika vårdsituationer. Varje människa har rätt att blirespekterad som en individ och inte utsättas för intrång i den personliga sfären. Då dettainte alltid respekteras i vårdsituationerna blir det intressant att skaffa kunskaper om hurpatienter upplever detta. I studien användes en kvalitativ ansats. Med hjälp av criticalincident metoden undersöktes patienters positiva och negativa erfarenheter av hur denpersonliga integriteten respekterades i olika vårdsituationer.

Le Français, what is that? What is actually a language?Questions like these are not easily answered and whilelinguists are continuing their search for the essence ofour communicative systems we are all free to make ourown interpretations.In various media, like schoolbooks and otherlanguage-teaching material, for instance, you mayfi nd visual interpretations of what French is, as alanguage?. Very often it is the common picture of whatis considered typically French that is shown. There areseveral problems to be found in limiting oneself to thesekinds of visualizations. One of these is that the Frenchlanguage is no longer strictly French.

At Forsmarks Kraftgrupp AB (FKA) forces on pipe systems due to transient flow are frequently calculated as a step to verify their structural integrity. In nuclear industries these forces are often calculated with a one dimensional thermal-hydraulic analysis-code called RELAP5. When calculations regarding more complex geometries are needed, the three dimensional code Fluent is often used. This code is highly time consuming and requires large computational power.This projects aim is to compare calculations of pressure, flow and forces carried out by RELAP5 and Fluent for an arbitrary pipe section during transient flow conditions. This has been accomplished by constructing a simple geometry for which a transient flow is simulated in both programs.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att medvetandegöra och reflektera över de olika stegen i den kreativa processen att skriva en saga. Jag ville undersöka om jag kan skriva en saga och hur. Det är till stor del ett konstnärligt arbete där jag först skrivit en saga. Därefter läste jag upp den för ett antal förskolebarn som responderade med att rita bilder ur sagan. Jag valde att använda en självetnografisk metod.

Should libraries first and foremost be a source of free informationwhere the citizens can find whatever information they want, or dothe librarians have a responsibility for what kind of works theypresent to people on their shelves? A wild debate broke out inSwedish media in September 2012, after the artistic leader ofKulturhuset in Stockholm; Behrang Miri decided to weed out allthe Tintin albums from the children´s library Tiotretton. Hewanted to start a debate on stereotypes in children´s fiction, andwhat damage they do to children who face them. The purpose ofthe thesis is to carry out a discourse analysis of this media debate,and to identify the different views that are expressed on thedemocratic mission of the libraries, what media they shouldpresent. The method and theory is based on the discourse theory ofErnesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe and their concepts are used toarrange the analysis around certain themes that build up twodifferent discourses; ?Freedom of information discourse? and the?Weeding out discourse?.The two main questions are: What views of the public librariesselection of works are expressed in the Tintin debate in Tiotretton,and how do the views relate to each other? What concepts arespecific for the debate, and what meanings do they get in thesedifferent views?In the concluding chapter I discuss which consequences theseopposing opinions can have for the future selection processes ofthe library..

Sofia Hedberg: "Wut is Wut?" En studie av maskuliniteter och sexualiteter inom hiphop-genren. Uppsala universitet: Institutionen för musikvetenskap. C-uppsats 15 hp. 2013.This essay examines how a group of male, homosexual or bisexual African-American rappers from New York City are challenging the norms of hypermasculinity and heteronormativity within the musical genre of hip-hop.

My essay is an examination of the poet Mina Loy and two poems that are essential in her authorship, these poems also represents a thematic entrance to Loys life and literary concepts. On the basis of Gunnar Harding preface and translation of selected poems from the collection Lunar Baedeker, I have chosen to look further at the poems Lunar Baedeker and Songs to Joanne, poems that accommodate contexts of an esthetical and linguistic complexion.Using terminology from the philosopher Gilles Deleuze as method for analysis, enabling an examination which proceeds from the concepts of nomadism, deterritorialization and line of flight. In the consideration of Loys modernistic and woman ?becoming, a situational and relational context is introduced which includes references to feminism, cosmopolitism, futurism, modernism, Dadaism as well as to acquaintances of Gertrude Stein, Djuna Barnes, F.T. Marinetti and Isadora Duncan.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to highlight in what forms and manifestations spirituality emerges in medical patients whether they consider themselves believers or not. The other aim was to analyse spiritual ideas of nursing scientists ? authors of the patients? oriented studies to come to the better understanding of the situation with spirituality in caring. Method: Descriptive meta-synthesis was chosen, in which 12 nursing studies were analyzed and compiled in a new integrity. Results: The analysis shows that caregivers must be ready to meet and confirm the spiritual dimension consisting of Faith, Meaning, Relationship and Questions without answers in the various forms and expressions they emerge in patient?s experience.

This essay deals with 18 year old boys´ experience of their usage of pornography. My main focus was the pornography found on Internet, which includes pornographic films and nude pictures.Both developmental and social psychological perspectives were applied in the study. These theoretical perspectives were chosen, because boys´ view of sex, especially during their adolescence, are influenced by the increased supply of porn and that boys understanding of porn are influenced by values present in our society. The methods used were three focusgroups and a short survey with simple questions regarding pornography. The choice of methods was based on my standpoint that an open discussion concerning porn was less offensive of integrity, in comparison of working with individual interviews.

The BA thesis Front Yard Gardens ? spatiality, design elements, expression and social aspects is a summary of the entrance and front yard garden phenomenon ? where the entrance is the set design and the designer is the director. The thesis touches the social context of which entrances have been and still are shaped. The various appearance of the entrance and front yard gardens throughout the history, starting with the first entrance by the edge of the wood and coming up to the front yard gardens of today, is described. It touches the present day through an analysis of some entrances and front yard gardens of modern residential areas.

Musical improvisation is an infinite artistic well. It helps the musician to make a personal performance and lets the music reflect the inner feelings. It is a language with which the performer can adapt the formulation to the specific situation. Yet so many have fear and respect when facing the phenomenon. In this study Dan Alkenäs discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using musical improvisation as a pedagogical method in school education.

Identity includes an individual´s self-image and the consciousness about their self. It is about being the same person despite changes in their life situation. The identity often get´s fragile because of the disease. Beacuse of the individual´s feeling of lost identity there may arise a conflict between the person and people in his or her surroundings. They may no longer see the sick person in the same way as they used to.