ABSTRACTThe purpose of this thesis has been to increase the knowledge about the life situation for next of kin who are caring for the elderly and mentally disabled. Also, the impact of ?supportive actions? on the quality of life for the next of kin has been assessed. This study tried to answer the following questions:? How do next of kin perceive their every day life.? Do supportive actions lead to a better situation in your every day life.? Do supportive actions raise the quality of life for next of kinTo answer the questions above a qualitative method was used.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka vilka emotionella omvårdnadsbehov patienterna hade innan operation och hur sjuksköterskan på bästa sätt kunde lindra dem. Metoden var en litteraturstudie baserad på vetenskapliga artiklar med dels en kvalitativ ansats (n= 5) och dels en kvantitativ (n= 10). Artikelsökningarna gjordes via sökmotorn ELIN och databaserna CINAHL och PubMED. Artiklarna var etiskt godkända samt publicerade mellan 2000-2010 och skrivna på engelska. De granskades med hjälp av granskningsmallar.

Universitetsstudenter har ofta ett riskabelt alkoholbeteende ochupplever depressiva symtom under studietiden, vilket kan ha svårakonsekvenser. Förklaringarna till alkoholkonsumtion blanduniversitetsstudenter har ofta fokuserat på studenters motivation tillsocialisering med andra studenter. Litteraturen har också fokuserat påförstaårsstudenters övergångsfas i förklaringarna till depression.Denna studie involverade 117 universitetsstudenter i ett medelstortsvenskt universitet. Studiens huvudsyfte var att undersöka omstudenter som bytte ort för att studera dricker mer alkohol ochupplever flera depressiva symtom än studenter som studerar i sinhemort. Resultatet visar på en betydande skillnad i alkoholkonsumtionmellan de två grupperna, vilket tyder på ett samband mellan flyttenfrån hemorten och alkoholkonsumtion..

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a special unit for patients who is in the need for emergency life-sustaining measures and every patient has complex medical- technical equipment. The experiences of a critical illness and the needs of critical care are experienced in different ways. The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences from patients in the ICU and how this experience has an influence on the patients. The method was a study of literature with a qualitative inception based on eight scientific articles and the analysis of content has been inspired by Graneheim and Lundman (2003). The result of the study is presented by four categories: to loose the ability to make themselves understood, to be forced to adjust to the environment of caring, to have the lack of connection with reality and to be in an intensive care environment, The results showed that patients in the ICU are affected by the attitude from the staff, the equipment around them as well as the sounds and lights in the environment there.

Background: During the last decades patient satisfaction has become an important measurement of quality in psychiatric care. However the patients are seldom asked to evaluate the treatments.Objectives: The aim is to determine which factors the outpatients regard as beneficial in their psychiatric treatment. The purpose is explorative. During the study another purpose developed; to present research on the importance of the relationship between the caretaker and the caregiver for the outcome.Method: 30 persons were interviewed about what they found helpful in psychiatric treatment. The interviews were open using Grounded Theory as methodological input.Result: The most prominent topic was the quality of the relationship between the caregiver and the caretaker.

Approximately 400 people in Sweden die each year by lung cancer caused by radon gas. Authorities have in recent years invested big resources and organized campaigns to encourage people to take action against high occurrence of radon in residences. With low frequency of applications for radon allowances as the main measure, a lot interprets on a very low commitment. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the reasons for the low commitment among people. The study is based on a questionnaire survey sent to 444 house owners in Uppsala.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of our most common neurological diseases. The development of the disease often make the affected persons live with it for a long time. There are two types of the disease, the first is a progressive type and the other is relapsing remitting. Strengthening exercises isn?t commonly used as a treatment method although muscle weakness and fatigue are common symptoms.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka tränares ledarskap och dess betydelse för elithandbollsspelares tävlingsoro samt om det finns skillnader mellan män och kvinnor. Undersökningsdeltagarna var 116 elithandbollsspelare med medelåldern 21,81 år (SD=3,54) och åtta elithandbollstränare med medelåldern 41,38 år (SD=5,83) från åtta olika klubbar. Undersökningsdeltagarna besvarade enkäter bestående av instrumenten Developmental Leadership Questionnaire (DLQ) och Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) vilka avsåg att mäta utvecklande ledarskap samt tävlingsoro. Resultaten indikerade att utvecklande ledarskap har en reducerande effekt på kognitiv-, somatisk- och total tävlingsoro samt att utvecklande ledarskap har starkast effekt på kvinnliga elithandbollspelare. Resultaten indikerade även att kvinnliga spelare har högre grad av alla tre kategorier av tävlingsoro oberoende av ledarstil.

The purpose of this study is to show how the modern society, with demands, expectations and the time constraints of adults, affects children and the everyday life at the preschool. Our intention is also to show the importance of identify stress symptoms of the children.        The study is of qualitative empirical kind and is based on a questionnaire to 19 parents of preschool children at the age of three to five years old. Interviews are made with four preschool teachers on one preschool. An observation of children in possible stressful situations is made during three days each at two preschools.     The results show that the modern society affects children and can be stressful. It also affects the everyday life at the preschool.

I denna studie undersöktes hur 291 individer som genomgått en Gastric Bypass för mer än två år sedan skattade sin psykosociala hälsa. Syftet med studien var att undersöka samband mellan den psykosociala hälsan och hur länge respondenterna hade varit opererade, eventuell viktuppgång samt hur länge i livet respondenterna haft obesitas. Mätinstrumenten som användes var Satisfaction With Life Scale (livstillfredsställelse), Social Physique Anxiety Scale (social kroppsångest) samt Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale (självkänsla). Resultaten visade att ju längre tid det var sedan patienterna opererades samt ju mer patienterna ökade i vikt, desto lägre skattades den psykosociala hälsan. Vidare skattade de patienter som varit obesa hela livet, högre social kroppsångest jämfört med patienter som rapporterade att de haft perioder i livet som normalviktiga..

Syftet med denna litteratur studie var att undersöka om den preoperativa patient- informationen hade någon effekt på patientens oro, samt om den preoperativa informationen och oron hade någon inverkan på patientens postoperativa smärta. Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie. Resultatet var baserat på tio vetenskapliga artiklar av kvantitativ design. Litteratur sökningen gjordes i databaserna PubMed, CINAHL och Cochrane Library Resultatet visade att patienter som fick sjukhusets rutininformation i kombination med specifik preoperativ information hade en statistisk signifikant lägre grad av oro under sjukhusvistelsen. Studien visade även att patienter som fick specifik preoperativ information hade signifikant lägre grad av postoperativ smärta..

Most of the stoma-operated persons must work themselves through difficult feelings. The task for the nurse is to deliver a care that promotes as much independence as possible. The aim of this literature review was to illuminate how the self-care agencies affect the well-being for the persons who are operated for stoma. A systematic literature study was done based on eleven scientific studies. Three categories, which describe how self-care agencies affect the physical, psychological and social well-being, are presented in the result.

Hospitals have a set perception as an unpleasant and frighteningatmosphere.The examination-rooms of today within the children?shospitals are often bare and needs embellishment and decoration tocreate a satisfying setting. The decoration might have the function asa divertion from pain and anxiety.According to my experience the decorations of today consists mainlyof Winnie the Pooh figures, a clown or a hockey poster, never anythinglinked to the body and it?s functions.Spina, Thorax & Femur is a project that focuses on the visual identityand possibility to a deeper understanding and playfulness around thebody perception within the nursing environment.A visit at the hospital could be part of a creative knowledgeacquisition. The project result are two boards of glass-enamelledsteel.

Fusarium graminearum is one of the most important pathogens on cereals and causes major crop losses around the world. The most cultivated cereal in Sweden is winter wheat. F. graminearum produces both sexual and asexual spores for dispersal. Multiple factors affect the production of these spores.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the ways in which emotion regulation and mood affects risk taking when it comes to decision making competence. Emotion regulation is an essential part of the attachment process, the development of an autonomous self and functional stress coping systems. Research indicates that there is a relation between a distorted emotion regulation and some psychological disorders like depression, PTSD, anxiety disorders and borderline (or instable emotional personality disorder). There is a definite need to analyze the relation between emotion regulation and decision making competence since it is relatively unexplored. A digital questionnaire was distributed amongst the participants.