The aim of this study is to through six interviews, with six experienced, social workers?, in three cities, understand how the child?s position in the Swedish child protective services? enquiries has change, and the factors behind it. The aim is also to compare if the social workers? view of the child?s position in the enquire has change accordingly to Socialstyrelsens intentions of BBIC. The theoretical approaches that was used is the new institutionalism, the Shier?s pathways to participation and the term discretion.

This literature review summarizes available data on infection with the parasitic roundworm, Ascaridia galli, as a cause of disease in poultry, including the consequences of a conversion to alternative production systems. Ascaridia galli has a direct life cycle with resistant eggs that survive and are easily spread in the environment, especially in systems with bedding materials where the faecal contact is high. The infection is usually subclinical but depending on the infection dose, the symptoms range from weight loss and diarrhea to mortality. Factors such as the feed composition and genetic variation among different hybrids clearly affect the establishment rate of the infection. Ascaridia galli will probably become an increasing problem, with a shift from the traditional battery cages to alternative systems where the risk of re-infection is high.

Menopause is a complex, paradoxical totality and every menopausal experience is differentfrom the other. This essay aims to capture some of the experiences surrounding it.The main questions is what it is that the women of the study share about menopause, andhow they talk about it. The material consists of interviews with eight women from the ages 51to 81, all of whom are either in menopause or have come out of it, and narratives collectedpartly on my own website ?Övergången? (?Transition?) and on the Internet via blogs and adiscussion board on menopause.Using Goffmans theories on interaction and roles and theories about gender and age as asocial construction I discovered that it is ambiguous messages that are thrown at the middleaged woman in menopause. Menopause is not always a welcome part of the role as a woman.The menopause is also associated with aging and a woman is expected to experiencemenopause during a certain age and period in the life schedule, often the middle age.

Depressionssjukdomar är vanligt förekommande och medför stor sjukdomsbörda. De psykologiska behandlingsmetoder som visat sig effektiva vid depression är bland annat kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) och beteendeaktivering. I denna studie undersöks effekterna av internetbaserad KBT med behandlarstöd vid mild till måttlig egentlig depression. Totalt 80 deltagare randomiserades till behandling respektive kontrollgrupp. De mätinstrument som användes i studien var självskattningsformulären Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale Self?assessment (MADRS?S) och Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI).

The purpose of this study was to describe how adolescents aged 12-18 years with inflammatory bowel disease experience their illness and what coping strategies they use to manage their illness and improve their wellbeing. The method used was a descriptive literature study, and the result of the study included 15 scientific articles. Our results showed that IBD affected the adolescent?s everyday life and social life with friends, family and activities. The adolescents also reported that they experienced a feeling of vulnerability, altered body image and that they saw themselves as different from healthy subjects.

Gastric ulcer is a common disease among pigs in the whole world where an intensiveproduction occurs. It is mainly the upper region, the nonglandular region of the stomach thatis affected. Gastric ulceration is a disease with several risk factors. The factor that seems tohave the largest impact on the development of gastric ulceration is a small particle size of thefeed. The reported prevalence of gastric ulceration differs from 5 to 100 % and it is a largeherd-to-herd variation.

This is a study about how different digital instruments can be used in education for pupils with autism and intellectual disability. The questions formulated to research this chosen area was: ?What does teachers think about digital instruments and interactive teaching materials when it comes to benefits and disadvantages in the classroom?, ?In what ways is digital instruments used as teaching materials in the specific school context? and ?From a perspective of teaching and learning, what kind of problems and opportunities can be gained from using digital instruments and teaching materials?. To gather this information interviews was done with three specialist pedagogues working with the chosen group of pupils at three different schools. The material shows that the specialist pedagogues have positive attitudes towards working with digital instruments in this specific group of students..

Today many children and youths are allocated to ?The Swedish Authority of Child and Youth Psychiatry (BUP) for the sake of being investigated by means of a neuropsychiatric inquire and many of which are assigned the diagnosis ADHD. During recent years ?The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare? has declared, in it?s annual account of the current psychiatric state of Swedish Children and Youths, that the healthcare provided for those with neuropsychiatric diagnoses ? such as Asperger syndrome and ADHD, has increased.ADHD is short for Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which implies neuropsychiatric impediments i.e. hyper activity, inadvertence and an inability to control impulses.The aim of the Study is to describe and analyze how youth, in the age range of sixteen to eighteen years of age, diagnosed with ADHD define themselves, their daily life, their social state, their next to kin relationships and, finally, their concept of their future.The Study is qualitative.

The purpose of this study was to describe how adolescents aged 12-18 years with inflammatory bowel disease experience their illness and what coping strategies they use to manage their illness and improve their wellbeing. The method used was a descriptive literature study, and the result of the study included 15 scientific articles. Our results showed that IBD affected the adolescent?s everyday life and social life with friends, family and activities. The adolescents also reported that they experienced a feeling of vulnerability, altered body image and that they saw themselves as different from healthy subjects.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies against the intracellular protozoan Encephalitozoon cuniculi in healthy pet rabbits. Encephalitozoonosis is an important differential diagnosis to ascending infection with Pasteurella multocida in the ears since a common symptom is vestibular syndrome. Samples were collected from healthy rabbits that were brought to an animal clinic in Stockholm for some kind of prophylactic procedure. The samples were analysed by an India-ink Immunoreaction test / Carbon Immunoassay. Of 106 rabbits 7 (6.6%) were seropositve.

This is a qualitative study where the purpose was to investigate what professionals experience to be the reason for an individual to become addicted to gambling and continues to gamble even though it leads to negative consequences. The purpose was also to investigate what the professionals experienced was of importance for an individual to recover from a gambling addiction. The study was based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with knowledgeable individuals in the field. The main findings of the study were that the motivation for individuals with a gambling problem to continue gamble was that they saw gambling as the solution to their problems by winning back lost money. It was common that gambling was an escape from anxiety, guilt, shame, and other gambling-related problems such as financial liabilities.

Seventy-two working horses (they had been ridden with bit and bridle within the last two weeks) were examined in the oral cavity. Findings and status were noted. The horses were randomly chosen among individuals without clinical symptoms from the mouth and gastrointestinal system. The result showed that 93% of the horses had changes in the mucus membranes, 86% in the form of ulcerations. The P2 region was most commonly affected followed by wounds more caudally in the mouth (P3-M3 region).

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att belysa de psykiska aspekterna av att drabbas av hypertyreos och hur det påverkar individens dagliga liv. Studien vänder sig till sjuksköterskor som kan använda studien i sitt arbete för att underlätta omvårdnaden kring patienter med hypertyreos, vilket på så sätt ger kunskap åt blivande kollegor. Hypertyreos är en sjukdom som blir alltmer vanlig i Sverige och som kan ge stora inverkningar på individens dagliga liv om den inte upptäcks och behandlas i tid. Metoden som valts är en litteraturstudie där tio vetenskapliga artiklar blivit systematiskt och kritiskt granskade utifrån Polit & Hunglers kriterier för vetenskap. Resultatet visar att ett flertal psykiska symtom påverkar som kan ge stora inverkningar på individens dagliga liv, vilket leder till reducerad generell hälsa och minskad vitalitet och känslomässighet, därmed upplever patienter begränsningar i det dagliga livet..

En betydande andel individer med bipolär sjukdom upplever kvarvarande, subkliniska symtom mellan egentliga sjukdomsepisoder. Sådana restsymtom är förenade med sänkt livskvalitet och förhöjd risk för återfall i sjukdomsepisoder. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka huruvida en kort, internetadministrerad behandling är genomförbar och kan ge en minskning av depressiva restsymtom, genom interventioner riktade mot sömn och emotionsreglering. För detta syfte användes en single-subject design med upprepade mätningar (n=4). Studiens resultat visar att behandlingen är genomförbar och att den, för vissa individer, kan ge en minskning av depressiva restsymtom.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of physical activity for people suffering from depression and which nursing interventions nurses can do to make this patients start to exercise. The method used, is a review of articles from Ci-nahl, Cochrane, Elin, PsycInfo, Pubmed and Science Direct, which were analyzed according to Polit och Hunglers criteria for scientific research. The result from the nine studies shows that physical activity has an antidepressive and anxiety reduc-ing effect. Interventions emerged is supporting, encouraging, activating and teach-ing about physical activity as health-promoting measure. Conclusion: Nurses can as an intervention introduce exercise as complementary treatment for people suffering from depression.