The aim of this study is to with the help of my data, conduct statistic analyses about animal welfare mistakes and scarities, as a preventive measure for the public sector point of view and how farmers handle their Animals in these cases, when and how these mistakes and scarities are likely to appear and in this way perhaps manage the existing problems. The aim of using judicial decisions of banning ownership and caretaking of Animals according to the 29 § is that this judicial decision is the outermost fortification of animal welfare. In November 1938 the pro tempore investigator handed over a report with a proposition according the animal welfare legislation. Pro tempore proposed that the court should in some cases, be able to order a person guilty of cruelty against Animals to a ban of owning or taking care of Animals. This proposal unfortunately was turned down. The question about introduce a ban against owning or taking care of Animals into the Swedish animal welfare legislation was again discussed in April 1967 at an interpellation debate in the parliaments second chamber.

Lactobacillus reuteri has been used as probiotics in piglet and chicken feedings as well as in different diary products for humans. In this EEF-work I have shown that L. reuteri can be an alternative for treatment of vaginitis in laboratory rats used for breeding. In a breeding stock with 3000 Animals some Animals had a vaginal infection with ??haemolytic streptococci group G.

Obesity is a problem that increases exponentially in humans and companion Animals. It is defined as a big accumulation of fat in the body and is usually connected with several diseases. This study describes how obesity can be diagnosed, in which way the gut flora can affect obesity, if the gut flora is genetically influenced or not, and how it differs between individuals with obesity and obesity-related diseases. Conclusions of the study are that both the bacterial strains Bacteriodetes and Firmicutes probably have a connection to obesity. The intestinal flora is probably also genetically related.

The use of transrectal ultrasonography of the uterus is a fairly new method for early pregnancy diagnosis. In the present study 40 cows and 10 heifers were examined 16, 19, 22 and 25 days after artificial insemination to decide on what day an accurate pregnancy diagnosis could be made under field conditions. A 5 and 7,5 MHz transducer were used in all examinations in order to determine wheter one of them was better for the present purpose. The Animals were also examined for clinical signs of oestrus. The results shows that an accurate pregnancy diagnosis "not pregnant" was easier to make on day 22 than on day 25 since most of the not pregnant cows then were in heat.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence that aristocrats in Sweden had on the Swedish movement for the prevention of cruelty to Animals, and why especially aristocrats started it. The sources I have been using are speeches and texts written by persons who were involved in the movement. I have also studied rapports from the three largest societies for the prevention of cruelty to Animals. In the sources I looked for terms, expressions and opinions that can be paralleled whit the aristocratic ideal and opinion. Things that can relate to aristocratic urban people.

The purpose of this literature review was to describe the paths of exposure and accumulation of organic pollutants into the tissues of farm Animals. Organic pollutants can be spread in the environment by air and rainwater. Farm Animals can be exposed to these pollutants for example by eating soil or contaminated plants. Many of the pollutants can then accumulate in the fat tissues of the body because of their lipophilic character. Brominated flame retardants and perfluorolated compounds are both pollutants of current interest.

The guinea pig is an important meat-producing animal in Peru as well as in several other South American countries. They are held in different kinds of systems, from the small backyard breeders with few Animals to the large commercial farms with thousands of guinea pigs. One of the major issues at the farms is Animals dying of unknown causes. Salmonellosis is often considered as a major cause, but samples for confirmation are rarely taken. It has been known for a long time that Clostridium difficile (C.

This study investigated how we can understand St. Francis as environmentally conscious. The study also presents where those elements can be found in St. Francis own documents and from documents that describe St. Francis.

Handling, loading, transport time and unloading in connection to transport of farm Animals affect animal welfare. Induced effects include both psychological and physiological stress responses in Animals. The physiological parameters may be measured through blood analysis while behavioural changes often manifest themselves through increased vocalisation, escape attempts and apathy. Physiological parameters are additional parameters of importance when measuring animal stress responses. The handlers behavior during transport has been shown to have major impact on animal welfare and the quality of meat. Animal friendly handling and driving of Animals create a more manageable work environment for the handlers. To further increase animal welfare in connection to transport, stables should be built with well adapted drift passage and ramps on the transport vehicle.

India is home to every sixth person in the world, some 30 million dogs and a quarter of the total world cattle population. A vast majority of Indians are Hindus, and even though the Hindu religion proclaims love, nurturing and worshipping of Animals, sometimes the same religion constitutes an obstacle for animal welfare in practice. This paper investigates the significance of historic and religious symbols to the way Animals are perceived in modern Indian society, as well as the different social factors which underlie attitudes to Animals. The concept of karma, as well as that of good versus bad deaths, is probably the foundation of the general Hindu reluctance to euthanasia in any form. Although in theory all species are generally regarded as equal in Hinduism, in practice there seems to be a differentiation; for cultural, religious, medical and financial reasons.

Clostridium difficile is a pathogen for both humans and Animals and is often associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Recently, several human cases of C. difficile-infection with increased mortality and morbidity have been reported. In studies performed in different countries C. difficile has been found in meat.

Why is the hare afraid? And what is the proud peacock so proud of?What does the sly fox do in the daytime and is the fast weasel fasterthan his friends? Who is that strong bear?!ese are the type of questions that inspired and pushed my creativeprocess forward in the work with my collection of illustrationsbased on swedish metaphors that relate to Animals. !e collection isaimed at children between two and six years..

Animal welfare during transport has for a long time been a problem around the world. Many Animals are transported in stressful environments for slaughter. Even during Roman and Antiquity times wild Animals were transported from Africa to the amusement parks in Rome. The aim of our work was to compare how well Sweden and Denmark are performing their inspections of transports of cattle and pigs for slaughter. Today, overloaded transports and poor treatment is not uncommon in Europe and every year 22 million Animals are transported between countries.

Cancer is one of the most feared diseases in veterinary medicine today, and the incidence is higher than ever due to the fact that our companion Animals live longer then they did ten to twenty years ago. Cancer is also one of the most common causes of mortality in older companion Animals. This literature review will be about two of the currently most common form of cancer treatment of companion Animals in Swedish animal hospitals, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. There will also be a section of general nursing care for cancer patients. The section of chemotherapy will describe the indications for choosing chemotherapy, the way to administrate chemotherapeutic drugs, describe specific chemotherapeutic drugs, potential side effects of chemotherapy, and how to handle and store chemotherapeutic drugs safely. The section of radiation therapy will describe the current devices for delivering radiation therapy, describe the indications for choosing radiation therapy and describe potential side effects that radiation therapy may cause.

Training of zoo Animals started when the first zoo opened in 1752. The difference between then and now is that from the beginning the zookeepers did not focus so much on animal welfare. Nowadays animal welfare is the most important thing in the training. Therefore, the zookeepers are training the Animals mainly for veterinary purposes and activation. The training makes the Animals less stresses during handling. When the zookeepers started to train elephants they used unpleasant stimuli such as a whip when the elephant did something wrong.