Purpose: The aim of this study was to observe and describe the work environment of veterinary nurses, focused on fysical ergonomics, in a Small Animal hospital. Method: An observational study was made in the stationary ward in an animal hospital. The observation was based on a checklist from the Swedish Work Environment Authority. Six veterinary nurses was observed over three hours when they nursed the patients. The checklist contained paragraphs concerning work postures, manuell work, knowledge, competence and the design of the workplace. Result: The results was divided into three categories; red, yellow and green.

Syftet med föreliggande litteraturstudie var att beskriva på vilket sätt licensierade vårdhundar kan fungera som ett komplement i omvårdnaden av barn med autismspektrumtillstånd. Syftet var också att beskriva kvaliteten av artiklarna utifrån den metodologiska aspekten urval. En litteraturstudie med deskriptiv ansats genomfördes utifrån två artiklar med kvalitativ ansats, två artiklar med kvantitativ ansats, fyra artiklar med kvalitativ ansats och kvantitativa mätningar, samt två artiklar med kvantitativ ansats och kvalitativa inslag i form av observationer. De inkluderade artiklarna hade publicerats mellan åren 1989 och 2013. De databaser som användes för artikelsökningen var Academic Search Elite, Cinahl och PubMed med sökorden: Dogs, Child, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Animal-assisted, Service dogs, Autism samt Therapy Dogs.

People in Sweden have more and more dogs in their care, and several of these dogs are kept in kennels in back yards for various reasons. According to Swedish animal welfare legislations the need for social contact for dogs has to be met. However, there are few details presented on how to meet the need and when it can be considered satisfied. Does the dog need human contact to fulfill the need, or is the company of other dogs enough? This study aims to specify what can be acceptable when it comes to fulfilling dogs? social needs in accordance with the Swedish animal welfare legislation.

Bakgrund: Användning av djur i vården har visat sig ge många positiva effekter på människan. Oavsett människors ålder och tillstånd kan djur bidra med att förbättra psykiska, fysiska och sociala funktioner. Bra bemötande, personcentrerat förhållningssätt och goda mellanmänskliga relationer krävs för att kunna ge god omsorg. Närhet och tillhörighet är en del av de grundläggande mänskliga behoven. Livskvalitet handlar om hur individen värderar sitt psykiska, fysiska och sociala välbefinnande och att förbättra livskvalitet kan ofta ses som målet med omvårdnaden.Syfte: Att beskriva hur djurassisterade interventioner påverkar hälsorelaterad livskvalitet hos vårdtagare.Metod: Deduktiv litteraturöversikt genomfördes med nio kvantitativa artiklar.

In today?s archaeology there?s a growing need for non-invasive prospection methods. However there?s a methodological gap and what?s missing is a method for locating human bones. In this study a specially trained German shepherd is put through scientific tests determining how good the dog is at telling the different between the scent of human and animal bones.

The aim of this review is to evaluate the best way to transport the horse. When it comes to transporting horses there are a number of different types of trailers and trucks that you can choose from today. The most common type of trailer is designed for two horses and the horses are transported facing the direction of travel. Studies has been performed to determine if that is the most advantageous direction for the horse to travel in, in terms of balance and levels of stress. Stress is a widely discussed subject and the definition is not fully developed.

Although known and feared for thousands of years, rabies remains a real and present threat to thousands of people, especially in low- and middle income countries. In India, rabies is an endemic disease, causing human deaths every year. The primary mode of transmission is through the bite of an infected dog. Fighting the disease in the dog population through vaccinations remains the most efficient way to eradicate the disease. The knowledge of rabies in India is unsatisfactory, as a lot of people lack awareness about the severity of the disease and the importance of washing the bitten area and seeking medical attention for post exposure prophylaxis when bitten by a dog.

The aim of this report is to create an easily accessible guide to basic hygiene, cleaning and disinfection within the small animal practice. It is based on a literature study, using mainly research from the public health sector, due to the lack of relevant scientific reports within the veterinary field. To prevent the spread of infectious diseases it is important that the staff understands the importance of basic hygiene. Hand hygiene and disinfection and cleaning with water and detergent combined are the most important routines to prevent spreading of disease. In conclusion the differences between the veterinary and the public health sector are small, but some basic differences exist due to the nature of the patient?s needs.

Stereotypic pacing is frequently observed in captive carnivores, however the underlying causes of this behaviour remain somewhat unclear. One of these possible causes are unpredictable feeding signals, which may give rise to frustration and subsequent pacing. Animal keepers at Nordens Ark had noticed that their Amur leopards had shown stereotypic pacing in connection to the passing of ATVs (All Terrain Vehicles) used by animal keepers primarly when feeding the animals in the park. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the stereotypic pacing of the two Amur leopards at Nordens Ark were affected by the introduction of a signal associated with feeding. The leopards were trained by classical conditioning to associate the sound of a siren with the delivery of food by an animal keeper.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence that aristocrats in Sweden had on the Swedish movement for the prevention of cruelty to animals, and why especially aristocrats started it. The sources I have been using are speeches and texts written by persons who were involved in the movement. I have also studied rapports from the three largest societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals. In the sources I looked for terms, expressions and opinions that can be paralleled whit the aristocratic ideal and opinion. Things that can relate to aristocratic urban people.

By examine cremated remains from graves dated to late Iron Age I wanted to find out what sorts of animals were placed in the graves. But also to see if the animal sacrifices had any connection to the Old Norse religion. The osteological material that were analysed were from both cremated humans and animals and had been dated to Viking Age. The material is from burial ground 59 at Laxare, Boge parish on Gotland. In addition to the human remains, the material contains bones from horse, cattle, sheep/goat, pig, dog, cat, bear, birds and fish.

During the last decade research in leadership has escalated and newleadership styles have started to prevail. This study intends to examinewhether a leaders increased level of motivation in turn can motivateemployees. A major company included all employees in a leader position inan exhaustive intervention with the purpose to increase the leaders?motivation in order for them to motivate their employees. After theintervention, which ended in spring 2012, interviews with six differentemployees at the company were made to see if their level of motivation hadincreased.

It is often challenging to create a new enrichment program for any animal. This is especially true with the additional challenge that I wanted to use only naturalistic enrichment, and I?m working with animals some of which are nocturnal. Even with a many hurdles, a little bit of enrichment can do a big difference and make a big difference in activity levels of the animals. Eskilstuna parkens zoo have a house called the MUSeum housing four kinds of rodents.

Tolerance and resistance are two different defence mechanisms within the immune system that differ from each other in many ways: However it is not clear which of the two is the most advantageous in dairy production. Resistance is described as the ability to fight a pathogen in a host. Tolerance is, on the other hand, not aggressive to the pathogen per se, but rather protects the host and its tissues. Furthermore tolerance rather offsets the toxin from, for example, a parasite whilst resistance offsets the parasite itself. Resistance is however disease specific, which means breeding for a large number of diseases is needed in order to make resistance worth the cost for the host.

The trotting in Sweden has a good reputation in an international view, both in the perspective of success and how the sport is managed with focus on security, animal protection and animal welfare. A large number of equipment details are fitted on the horses during training and competition. The Swedish law of prevention of cruelty to animals regulate training and competition with racehorses, and propose to protect horses from unnecessary suffering. The equipment permitted in races is regulated in Tävlingsreglementet (The Regulation of Competititon) and in the regulations of equipment, that the Nordic Regulation Committee and Nordic Animal Welfare Committee have worked out. Due to training and competition the equipment must even meet the Swedish law of prevention of cruelty to animals. However, the behaviour or the senses of the horses is often affected by the equipment due to the way the equipment corrects, modifies, restrains or reduces the behaviour of the horse, which may cause the horse stress or discomfort.