AbstractParental participation is something that is included in school either we like it or not. Several studies have been done about this phenomena but not many of them have examined the pupils estimation about parental participation. Therefore did we get interested about the pupils situation because why haven?t almost anyone asked the pupils about this phenomena when it?s constructed fore them? To learn more about the pupils estimation did we a questionnaire in twelve different classes with children in the ages between 10-16 years. The results we got from the questionnaire concerning the pupils estimation about parental participation were both expected and unexpected.Keywords: Parental participationQuestionnairePupil estimation.

Strategies for the board game Hive was implemented and evaluated in this project. The report covers the rules as well as the system that was implemented in order to build strategies. The strategies are evaluated based on how they perform against each other. Two search algorithms were implemented: Minmax and Alpha-Beta Pruning. Alpha-Beta with depth 4 had the best performance against other strategies as well as in individual tests..

This Masters thesis work describes a comparison between two different methods for estimation of the down channel (base station to mobile subscriber) in Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). The first estimation method, Optimal Feed-forward Channel Estimation (OFCE), is a conventional method that bases the estimates on data that is known to both sender and receiver, so called pilots. The second method, Decision Directed Channel Estimation (DDCE), is an elaboration of OFCE. It also uses user data for estimation. Simulations show that DDCE, in comparison to OFCE, does not attain an improvement in signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) for high bit error rates (BER).

This Masters thesis work describes a comparison between two different methods for estimation of the down channel (base station to mobile subscriber) in Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). The first estimation method, Optimal Feed-forward Channel Estimation (OFCE), is a conventional method that bases the estimates on data that is known to both sender and receiver, so called pilots. The second method, Decision Directed Channel Estimation (DDCE), is an elaboration of OFCE. It also uses user data for estimation. Simulations show that DDCE, in comparison to OFCE, does not attain an improvement in signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) for high bit error rates (BER).

This Masters thesis work describes a comparison between two different methods for estimation of the down channel (base station to mobile subscriber) in Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). The first estimation method, Optimal Feed-forward Channel Estimation (OFCE), is a conventional method that bases the estimates on data that is known to both sender and receiver, so called pilots. The second method, Decision Directed Channel Estimation (DDCE), is an elaboration of OFCE. It also uses user data for estimation. Simulations show that DDCE, in comparison to OFCE, does not attain an improvement in signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) for high bit error rates (BER). An improvement is only seen when the BER becomes much lower than what is common in real situations. In conclusion DDCE is complicated, involves many mathematical operations and gives insignificant improvement of SNR when BER takes common values. It is legitimate to question if it is possible to use the method in a real mobile phone system..

This Masters thesis work describes a comparison between two different methods for estimation of the down channel (base station to mobile subscriber) in Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). The first estimation method, Optimal Feed-forward Channel Estimation (OFCE), is a conventional method that bases the estimates on data that is known to both sender and receiver, so called pilots. The second method, Decision Directed Channel Estimation (DDCE), is an elaboration of OFCE. It also uses user data for estimation. Simulations show that DDCE, in comparison to OFCE, does not attain an improvement in signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) for high bit error rates (BER).

1997 förvärvades Ericssons fabrik i Kristianstad av Nolato AB i Torekov. 1998 delades Kristianstadsfabriken upp i tre bolag, Nolato Mobile, Nolato Alpha och Nolato Autec. Totalt hade dessa tre bolag 901 anställda 1998. Två år senare, år 2000, var de uppe i cirka 1200 anställda. År 2001 skedde en uppbromsning av telekommarknaden som ledde till stora omstruktureringar inom Nolato.

1997 förvärvades Ericssons fabrik i Kristianstad av Nolato AB i Torekov. 1998 delades Kristianstadsfabriken upp i tre bolag, Nolato Mobile, Nolato Alpha och Nolato Autec. Totalt hade dessa tre bolag 901 anställda 1998. Två år senare, år 2000, var de uppe i cirka 1200 anställda. År 2001 skedde en uppbromsning av telekommarknaden som ledde till stora omstruktureringar inom Nolato.

Moderna ledarskapsteorier lyfter fram ledarens utvecklingsbefrämjande funktion och ser flera likheter mellan ledarskap och föräldraskap. Syftet med studien är att konstruera ett ledarskapstest som bygger på Marte Meo-metodens dimensioner för hur man skapar en utvecklingsstödjande dialog. De åtta dimensionerna omtolkades från ett föräldra/barnsammanhang till ett ledare/medarbetarsammanhang. Därefter skapades fem testuppgifter utifrån operationella definitioner av varje dimension. När etthundra testpersoner hade besvarat testet undersöktes varje dimensions reliabilitet med hjälp av Cronbachs alpha.

In this master's thesis the problem of determining the uncertainty for an estimator of an unknown parameter is considered. The case we study is the estimation of gravity using a reversible pendulum. This involves the estimation of the point where two regression lines intersect. The estimated gravity is a function the coordinates of this point. One way to determine the uncertainty of this estimator is to use bootstrap methods.

With numerous applications in both military and civilian life, the demand for accurate 3D models of real world environments increases rapidly. Using an airborne laser scanner for the raw data acquisition and robust methods for data processing, the researchers at the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) in Linköping hope to fully automate the modeling process.The work of this thesis has mainly been focused on three areas: ground estimation, image segmentation and classification. Procedures have in each of these areas been developed, leading to a new algorithm for ground estimation, a number of segmentation methods as well as a full comparison of various decision values for an object based classification. The ground estimation algorithm developed has yielded good results compared to the method based on active contours previously elaborated at FOI. The computational effort needed by the new method has been greatly reduced compared to the former, as performance, particularly in urban areas, has been improved.

The purpose of this report is to evaluate different methods for identifying states in robot models. Both linear and non-linear filters exist among these methods and are compared to each other. Advantages, disadvantages and problems that can occur during tuning and running are presented. Additional measurements from accelerometers are added and their use with above mentioned methods for state estimation is evaluated. The evaluation of methods in this report is mainly based on simulations in Matlab, even though some experiments have been performed on laboratory equipment.The conclusion indicates that simple non-linear models with few states can be more accurately estimated with a Kalman filter than with an extended Kalman filter, as long as only linear measurements are used.

In the automatic manual transmission system, Opticruise, the choice of gear is based on several parameters such as road incline, driving resistance and vehicle mass. Many different mass estimations are made during driving. A final vehicle mass is then used to determine the current gear. Construction vehicles are often not equipped with air suspension and can therefore not estimate the vehicle mass when standing still. If that sort of vehicle is reloaded while standing still an incorrect mass estimation will be used and as an effect of that also a wrong gear.

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är en analysera och kartlägga skillnaden mellan utvalda svenska hedgefonder utifrån de prestationsmått författarna ställt upp. I och med detta syfte ge en helhetsbild av de enskilda fonderna samt jämföra deras utveckling under angiven tidsperiod. Vidare ämnar vi undersöka de förvaltningsarvoden som utgår för respektive fond samt Alphas betydelse för en hedgefondförvaltare.Metod: Skribenterna har undersökt den svenska hedgefondsmarknaden under en treårsperiod (2003-04-28 till 2006-04-28) där författarna valt ut åtta hedgefonder som varit verksamma under perioden. För att säkerställa undersökningen har undertecknade använt teoretiska modeller såsom Sharpekvoten och Jensens Alpha, för att se till hedgefondernas riskjusterade avkastning samt den överavkastning som förvaltarna till respektive hedgefond presterat.Slutsats: Resultatet av studien visar att samtliga undersökta hedgefonder levererat en positiv absolut avkastning under tidsperioden. Således kan inte några generella slutsatser dras som att alla svenska nationella hedgefonder presterat en positiv avkastning.

During consultation procedures between forest owners and the Sámi, data on, e.g., reindeer lichen biomass on the current site is needed. Hitherto, the existing methods of measuring lichen cover and biomass has been either objective methods such as the Point Intercept method, which is time consuming, or some sort of subjective visual estimation, which is faster but less accurate. However, both these methods are sensitive to different observers and/or to different inventories. This paper addresses the further development and evaluation of a photographical inventory method that uses colour distribution in images to estimate lichen biomass. During the autumn of 2011 six different locations, with different grazing pressure and lichen cover, in Norrbotten county were inventoried using both the Point Intercept method and the photographical method, complemented with collection of biomass samples.