This paper aims to derive the Black-Scholes equation for readers without advanced knowledge in finance and mathematics. To succeed, this paper contains a theoretical chapter in which concepts such as options, interest rate, differential equations and stochastic variable are explained. This paper also presents the theory of stochastic processes such as the Wiener process and Ito process. In the chapter on the Black-Scholes model the Ito process is used to describe price of shares and with the help of Ito's lemma Black-Scholes equation can be derived. In the paper, assumptions are listed that apply to the Black-Scholes model and then uses the Black-Scholes equation to calculate the price of a European call option.

Bakgrund: Att föda barn är en av de mest betydelsefulla händelserna i en kvinnas liv. Direkt efter förlossningen sker den första interaktionen mellan mamma och barn. Om barnet behöver avancerat omhändertagande bryts den första interaktionen. Tidigare forskning visar att interaktion och tidig hud mot hud kontakt mellan mamma och barn är betydelsefullt för anknytningen. För att kunna främja anknytningen och stödja den nyblivna mamman måste barnmorskan ha kunskaper i vad som påverkar mammors upplevelser av en separation med deras nyfödda barn.

Syftet med studien är att i relation till musik- och kulturskolornas verksamhetsidéer/planer få insikt i elbaslärares förhållningssätt till vad som är viktigt för nybörjarelever att lära sig. Utifrån detta syfte är avsikten att försöka förstå vilka lektionsmoment elbaslärare prioriterar i sin undervisning av nybörjarelever, varför de valt att fokusera på just dessa och deras syn på eventuella styrdokument för respektive arbetsplats. Jag har i min undersökning genomfört kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra elbaslärare från olika musik- och kulturskolor. Arbetets har sin utgångspunkt i historiska perspektiv på musikkulturskolornas framväxt och de pedagogiska traditioner som format dem samt det sociokulturella perspektivet på lärande. I resultatet framkommer att det viktigaste för informanterna är att eleven får komma igång och spela så snabbt som möjligt och att den huvudsakliga drivkraften i nybörjarundervisning för elbaselever är lust, glädje och upplevelser ? vilket går helt i linje med mycket av de tendenser som behandlas i forskning rörande musik- och kulturskolan samt dess verksamhetsplaner under senare år. Under diskussionsrubriken diskuteras informanternas syn på vad de tycker är viktigt för nybörjarelever att lära sig i relation till de traditioner, idéer och värderingar som enligt det sociokulturella perspektivet styr hur undervisningen formas.

ABSTRACTEssay in Political Science, Advanced Continuation Course, 61-80 credits, by Jonas Nilsson?The democratic islamist? - a study of three islamist movements and their potential role in ademocratization process?Supervisor: Jonas LindeThe purpose of this work has been to explain to what extent islamist movements can be said to bebearers of democratic values and if they have a role to play in future democratization processes. Thepurpose of this work is also to examine the democratic views of the different islamist movements andto compare them with each other in an effort to find a specific islamist definition of democracy.The essay is a qualitative analysis of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, Front Islamique du Salut inAlgeria and Hezbollah in Lebanon. The analytical framework is based on the political institutionsincluded in Robert A. Dahl polyarchial democracy.

This paper aims to derive the Black-Scholes equation for readers without advanced knowledge in finance and mathematics. To succeed, this paper contains a theoretical chapter in which concepts such as options, interest rate, differential equations and stochastic variable are explained. This paper also presents the theory of stochastic processes such as the Wiener process and Ito process. In the chapter on the Black-Scholes model the Ito process is used to describe price of shares and with the help of Ito's lemma Black-Scholes equation can be derived. In the paper, assumptions are listed that apply to the Black-Scholes model and then uses the Black-Scholes equation to calculate the price of a European call option.

This work is an experimental study where knock sensor placements are investigated using engine tests. The aim is to studythe quality of the signal from knock sensors and how the signal for engine control is affected at different sensor locations on Scanias, engine DC13. To find out at witch position on the engine youcan get a usable signal for engine control, the engine is running while the knock sensors with advanced measurement equipment is connected to the engine. Evaluation of signals from the knock sensors are made in the computer program Matlab. The program is producing a seriesof plots, from these plots it is visually possible to draw conclusions and find connections.

A variety of demands have to be considered in the design of a new opera house in Galärvarvet. All possible viewpoints are important to be aware of, as is the need for the new building to be a contrast to the already existing opera house in Stockholm. The restricted site also makes a multitude of demands on the building's design.By rationalizing the layout and structure and also by making the footprint smaller, the complex building of over 30 000 square meters can be fitted and blended into the existing physical context. Unlike the existing opera house in Stockholm, the new opera house shows the rationality and the advanced technology that lies behind the scenes and becomes the character of the entire building. Through the dynamic façade, the new opera can convey any character it so desires, just like scenes do through different settings.

This essay presents a survey that was conducted on 52 college students regarding their opinions on advertisement received to the mobile phone. The questionnaire survey focused on what college students think of advertising to the mobile phone and what attitude they have towards it. The thoughts behind this study are that advertisement to the mobile phones is something that is getting more popular when the mobile phone is getting more advanced. The result of the study showed that college students are not that interested in receiving advertisement to their mobile phones. Several of the college students that participated in the study already get advertisement to their mobile phones, advertisement that they don't want because it doesn't reflect their interests.

Sweden is one of five nations in the world manufacturing fighter aircrafts. Highly advanced technology is needed in order to develop a fighter aircraft. When developing advanced technology, new applications, other than those initially intended occur, spin-off. Some of Sweden?s largest companies are spin-offs from the fighter aircraft industry.

Examensarbetet behandlar studien av att integrera ett granatkastarsystem på ett rollmodulschassi för SEP (Splitterskyddad enhetsplattform). Granatkastarsystemet som studien behandlar heter AMOS (Advanced mortar system) och är en tornplattform med dubbla eldrör för att uppnå hög eldkapacitet. Både det Finska och Svenska försvaret har lagt beställningar på systemet. SEP är ett fordonskoncept som bygger på utbytbara rollmoduler. Arbetet behandlar även konstruktionen av en elmanövrerad torngrind för AMOS systemet.

This work is based on qualitative interviews with four educationists who before their university studies lack education in their own field of work. The study aims to explore how higher learning influenced and affected these people. As a theoretical point of view the concept of implicit learning and Aristotle?s epistemological approach was used. The study gives an idea that the concept of knowledge is advanced and can go from practical experience to more theoretical understandings.

The aim of this thesis is to study the possibility of the existence of a specialist in bone tools manufacturing during the Mesolithic. The thesis describes the climate during the Mesolithic, argues for an experimental approach, and describes social organization in hunter-gatherer-groups and the processes behind cultural transmission. It also gives some examples of excavation sites in Scandinavia. An experiment simulating a teaching situation is made, in addition to the theoretical information, with the intent to explore how advanced the crafting of bone really is. The physical result is then studied and documented.

Do ceramics have to be static? This was the question that spurred me into this work, and what kept me working on to achieve the possibility of motion in my ceramic objects. By combining the knowledge gained through my former education as an avionics technician with my interest in the ancient ceramic craft, I strive to create kinetic ceramic handicraft suitable for interaction with an audience.By a series of different phases I slowly go from understanding what kind of motion I want my objects to have, to actually realizing this motion in three-dimensional objects. Through the use of simple models made from corrugated fiberboard followed by more advanced plaster models, combined with different complementary materials such as bicycle inner-tubing and recycled aluminium cans among many others, I, through a vast series of testing, slowly build up a knowledge base later applied to the ceramic objects.The result is for me a success; I have found a way for me to combine ceramics with mechanics. Through this I have created kinetic ceramic handicraft intended for interaction with an audience..

Databases are an easy way of storing information kept together and accessible and can save time by finding the information easier. Cochleaimplant could be seen as a form of advanced hearing aid, this product consists of two parts, an external part that recieves sound and sends signals to the internal part through electromagnetism. The internal part is the implant itself and is surgically placed in to the cochlea. Örebro University hospital has just started working within the field of Cochleaimplants and are therefore in need of a database to store patient related information.The database problem was solved using Microsoft Access 2003 combined with the built-in support for Visual Basic, which is a sort of programming language. The result of the thesis work was a fully functioning database according to the given specification and is now being used at Örebro University hospital..

SCA Skog has taken the initiative to this Master?s thesis. Today SCA Skog has a great need to update their informtion on young forest stands across large areas. Traditional field inventory methods for updating stand databases are expensive and time consuming. However, the inventory could be made more efficient if stand boundaries and stand characteristics are derived from aerial photographs.