Can we harm future people? According to our commonly used contractarian theories, it seems we cannot. This is because our actions of today not only influence what they are supposed to influence, but also who mates with whom and when, and thus which particular persons will ever live in the future. Had we not performed a particular action, the future people born as a result of that same action, would not have been born. It therefore seems they cannot reasonably reject our actions.

Karlsson. A (2015). Importance of spirituality and social support for quitting narcotics - Experiences of the12 step program. Bachelor thesis in Public Health science. Department of work- and public health science.

Is there a specific tradition of songs within the swedish environmental movement? What kinds of music has been performed in different situations and what does it mean to the movement and its inner life? The essay deals with a town meeting and action against plans of establishing passenger flights at a former military airport in Uppsala, looking at the action as a performance and as a ritual. The second part of the essay is built on interviews of three veterans of the movement's organisations one of which is as a singer-songwriter originally active in the peace movement of the 60's. The paper is about the songs and the situations in which they were sung, concluding that there is, the limited material considered, little evidence of considerable transfer of songs within the movement, though some coherence exists. The connection to between environmental movement and the swedish radical music movement of the 70's is also slightly mentioned.

Nordic Summer Evening is a theoretical painting, today an important icon of Nordic art from the turn of the century. The purpose of this essay is to analyse the painting, and to investigate and identify its declaration of program, and in a wider context, the emergence of a program of the nationalistic art at the turn of the last century. The essay also investigates how the painting has become more popular throughout the century, and why Americans tend to see the painting as an exposé over a quarrel, filled with sexual tension, while Swedes tend to make a point out of the harmony and stillness of the painting..

This essay deals with the principle of surprise warfare and its development as well as the adaptation of military action that had to be made to surprise the opponent in the modern era.The concept of surprise is divided into its components in order to clarify what is required to implement a surprising maneuver, to understand the complex concept and form a theoretical framework for gathering facts in the case study.Development and adaption are demonstrated by a comparative case study where Pearl Harbor illustrates an example of historical surprise and Operation Desert Storm illustrates a modern surprise. The product will then be analyzed in order to detect the development and how military conduct is forced to adapt in order to carry out a surprising maneuver. The results shows that the military action of performing a surprise attack has had a major development and is now carried out in a different stage of the attack..

This thesis analyzes the consequences of ?Lex Uggla? ? a law concerning the boundaries between firm and individual with respect to wealth taxation ? for small businesses, with more than 3 million SEK in over-liquidity. There are two main findings of this thesis. Firstly, the wealth taxation of non-operational assets seems to be an inefficient tax which costs the Swedish welfare system much more than it generates. Secondly, the change in actions among entrepreneurs following the extensive news coverage following the tax authority?s charges against the company of the well-known artist, Magnus Uggla (hence ?Lex Uggla?) illustrates that neither changes of rules nor new applications of rules is necessarily sufficient for an agent to change course of action.

pcSKOG-gård is a computerised manager plan for private forest owners, developed by the pcSKOG AB. The program is based on forest stand data, joined with a map of the forest and GIS-applications. The purpose is to offer a program for private forest owners managing the forest and with the possibility of updating the actual status of the forest. The company pcSKOG AB is the leading producer of programs for forest management and has developed the program since 1997. The program is currently the most common program used by private forest owners in Sweden. The aim of this thesis, leading to MSc in forestry, is to investigate the purpose of the private forest owners when purchasing the pcSKOG-gård. The thesis also studies how private forest owners use the program, what they use it for and how the private forest owners state that the program has achieved to fulfil their expectations. The thesis is also a market research concerning the knowledge and attitudes the private forest owners have about the program and associated services. The study material has been collected during two phases.

Uppsatsen behandlar segregation inom den svenska skolan, något som politiker en gång ville förändra och därmed genomförde grundskolereformen 1962. Ämnesområdet behandlas i en lärobok i samhällskunskap från 1980-talet och är utgångspunkt för denna studie. Syftet är att undersöka om mönstret från utred-ningen som läroboken refererar till även kan skönjas på den kommunala gymnasieskolan i X-kommun i dag, d.v.s. i vilken grad föräldrars yrke påverk-ar deras ungdomar att välja gymnasieskolans teoretiska program. Studien bygger på en surveyundersökning där en enkät gått ut till elever på gymnasiets studieförberedande- och yrkesförberedande program.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of educational and vocational guidance, refer-only high school students tend to stay on their first selected program or to change the program. The theories used in the study deals with young people's choices and choosing education and vocational and life role as a student. The method was quantitative, descriptive survey. High school students in grades three, from two high schools, were asked to answer a questionnaire about perceived educational and vocational guidance. Convenience sample consisted of 162 respondents (N = 162), 86 women and 76 men.

Aktivitetsgarantin är ett arbetsmarknadspolitiskt program som startades i Sverige den första augusti år 2000. I den här uppsatsen skattas aktivitetsgarantins effekt på sannolikheten att erhålla arbete. För att utvärdera den genomsnittliga effekten används en matchningsestimator eftersom programmet inte hade en experimentell utformning. De empiriska resultaten är något varierande, men ett entydigt stöd för att deltagande i aktivitetsgarantin medför ökad sannolikhet till arbete är svårt att finna. Däremot visar det sig att om arbetslösheten fortgår under åtminstone 6 månader efter samplingsperioden hittas positiva effekter av deltagande i aktivitetsgarantin..

In Europe, the central governments are the ones to coordinate the international standards and strategies regarding GPP; Green Public Procurement. However in Spain a GPP program was introduced late and only applied to the Central Government Institutions, (AGEA) (BOE nr. 027, 2008). These means that smaller administrations, such as, Autonomous Regions, Municipalities and Town Councils were not included in the program. The absence of a national program which excludes those governments made them introduce their own criteria for GPP, and the difference in criteria varies from one government to the other.

Vi har gjort en undersökning genom att använda oss av litteraturstudier och sexton intervjuer. Vi har intervjuat personal på fyra olika gymnasieskolor. Studiens respondenter arbetar med elever som har läs- och skrivsvårigheter/dyslexi. I studien har vi undersökt om elever med läs- och skrivsvårigheter/dyslexi går på individuellt program eller om dessa elever är integrerade på nationella program och om elever får de kompensatoriska hjälpmedel de behöver i undervisningen. Resultatet av vår kvalitativa undersökning visar att de flesta gymnasieelever med läs- och skrivsvårigheter/dyslexi är integrerade på nationella program.

Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka effekterna av aggressionsersättningsträning (ART) program på tre kriminalvårdsanstalter och två frivårdskontor. Huvudfrågeställningen som belyses i studien är: förändras deltagarna i ART-program med avseende på empati och attityder till kriminalitet? För att besvara dessa frågor har vi utfört för- och eftertester på tre kriminalvårdsanstalter och två frivårdskontor. Instrumenten som användes i testerna är Davis Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) och Mill's Measures of Criminal Attitudes and Associates (MCAA).Slutsatserna som kan dras utifrån denna studie är att den emotionella empati-komponenten "personal distress" visar en minskning som kan förklaras av interaktionen med ART.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Aggression Replacement Training (ART) program in some of the prisons and probation authorities of the Swedish correctional system. The specific questions we are trying to answer are: (1) does ART-program change the clients' empathic concern and (2) does ART-program help in changing participants' attitudes towards criminality? This investigation is based on a quantitative inquiry consisting of Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and Measures of Criminal Attitudes and Associates (MCAA) tests.The overall results of this study indicate that the emotional empathy-component "personal distress" shows a statistically significant reduction, which can be explained by the interaction with ART..

Många städer vill utveckla vattenkontakt, tillgängliggöra och öka den urbana vattenkvaliteten. Gatukontorets programenhet i Malmö stad beslutade 2012 att ett program för stadens kanal skulle tas fram. Jag blev involverad i detta arbete och beslutade mig för att även skriva mitt examensarbete om detta ämne. Målet med uppsatsen är tredelat; att ta fram ett program för Malmös kanal, att beskriva och reflektera över programmet, samt att föra en bredare diskussion kring urbant vatten. De metoder jag använt mig av för att färdigställa arbetet har varit inventering, analys, intervjuer, arkiv- och kartstudier, litteraturstudier, workshop samt en form av introspektiv efterreflektion. Resultatet har blivit ett program för utveckling av Malmös kanalrum, samt en beskrivning och reflektion av programskrivandet, dess kontext och arbetsprocess samt en reflektion kring urbant vatten. Frågan om stadens relation till vattnet är ytterst aktuell, dels för att vattnets och och de angränsande stadsrummens värde som rekreationsområden och sociala arenor ökat markant, men även för de utmaningar vi står inför med klimatförändringar och en höjd havsnivå. Att genom planeringsdokument hitta välgrundade och framsynta förhållningssätt är en viktig pusselbit..

The purpose of this case study is to examine and analyze CEO: s and the sales departments incentive program of the case company. Also to find out if the present incentive program is effective.The survey is a case study where a combination of qualitative and quantitative approach has been used. Relevant Theories is applied on the empirical material..